Recently, when every wealthy citizen wants to acquire his own private house or cottage, he is faced with the question of building a fence and, as a result, a gate suitable for it.
Sliding and sliding gates are very popular in this regard due to their obvious practicality; They are also often used in industrial facilities.
With the increase in demand, the number of manufacturers producing both finished gates and their components, offering installation by qualified workers, has also increased.
Types of sliding gates
Gates are divided into several types, and each has its own design, which has its own pros and cons.
Hanging gates
Most often they are used at the entrances of industrial facilities and other areas intended for a not too wide range of people. This type of gate is very reliable, but its production requires a lot of materials and, as a result, finances.
However, for those who value quality above all, they will be to their taste: hanging gates can work even fifty years after installation.
Among the obvious disadvantages, in addition to the price, it is worth noting that the gate opening is quite limited due to the upper beam.
Sliding gates on rails
In theory, the most reliable and at the same time the most primitive gate design. The gate opens like a compartment door, sliding on rollers along a specialized rail that is located on the ground.
Despite all the ease of use, in the climate of our country problems may arise with this type of gate; weather conditions such as snow or falling leaves can block the movement of these gates by closing the rail, making them impossible to open and difficult to return to functionality.
This design will find greatest application in places where the area is subject to timely cleaning, for example, in private courtyards. Also, even when open, such gates do not take up extra space, which obviously gives them an advantage in places with limited space.
Console gates
The design of this type of gate is similar to sliding gates on a rail, but differs in that the gate has no contact with the ground rail. This is the most complex design, however, this gives it its advantages: weather conditions do not affect the operation of the gate, and they also leave a lot of free space, negating the risk of damage to the vehicle entering them.
Thanks to the convenient arrangement of the rolling elements, which directly ensure the operation of the gate, cantilever gates are independent of nature, which allows them to have increased strength.
The gate movement is very simple thanks to the well-designed design and reduced friction. The disadvantages include the complex installation and the need for a larger fence area than the size of the opening.
When can sliding gates be installed?
To install the desired type of sliding gate, sometimes a great desire and budget are not enough; The success of the installation largely depends on the type of site on which the gate is going to be located.
In some situations, installing a gate is either completely impossible or very complicated.
For example, the problem with space is always very acute. With a short fence, you can’t even dream of a gate, since the space into which the gate will roll back must be unobstructed by at least the width of the opening, multiplied by one and a half.
The reason for this is that in addition to the gate itself, its technological part also takes up a lot of space.
In addition, the fence must be straight, since the gate moves in a straight path. Yes, a very obvious fact, but many consumers forget to take it into account. There should also be no uneven terrain where the gate opens.
Note!
How to install sliding gates
Installing and making gates with your own hands without experience in this matter can be very difficult, but possible. After familiarizing yourself with photographs of sliding gates, constructing detailed plans and drawings and diagrams of sliding gates, you can begin installation.
First of all, you should evaluate the future location of the gate. Assess the condition of the support posts and make sure they are strong enough to install the gate.
Make sure it is possible to locate a hole near a foundation pillar with dimensions of 500x2000mm
Decide on the type of door leaf and its facing material; this is important because the mass of the gate depends on this, and the choice of power elements depends on it.
Draw up detailed drawings of the gates, taking into account the characteristics of the area where the installation will be carried out, and purchase components.
Carry out marking work. Select the zero level.
Note!
Proceed with installation of the gate foundation. When using an electric drive in the selected type of gate, at this stage you should pay attention in advance to laying the necessary cables.
Make a sliding gate leaf. It is very important to pay great attention to the sizes. Purchase the necessary fittings for sliding gates (roller supports, rollers, caps for the beam, etc.)
Carry out installation and installation of the structure, having first waited no less than seven days after the completion of concreting.
DIY sliding gate photo
Note!
More and more owners of private houses are choosing sliding gates. Production is quite a costly endeavor, so many people decide to make sliding gates with their own hands. This will also require certain costs, you will have to buy materials and figure out the availability of tools, but in the end you will get a wonderful high-quality gate at an affordable price.
It is worth considering that even independent work will cost more than another type of gate, but quality, durability and comfort are an excellent motivation to choose them. To make sliding gates with your own hands, drawings and diagrams will be very useful. You can use ready-made diagrams that you will find in this manual.
How to make sliding gates with your own hands? First of all, you need to understand the materials.
You will need painted corrugated sheeting, rectangular pipes of different sizes, fittings, primer, screws and automation. The most expensive on this list are accessories, which you can buy as a set, and automation, which includes a drive with a control unit, a rack and remote controls. If you wish, you can take care of safety.
Thus, you need to select enough material. First, you will need a drawing and information on sizes so as not to overpay for unnecessary goods. For example, if the gate is 3X2, then 6 m2 of corrugated sheeting will be required, and a certain number of kilograms of pipes.
Once you know the dimensions and make sure that this drawing is suitable, you can start purchasing the material. You can use the drawings from these instructions; already tested diagrams will not cause any inconvenience. Next, you need to make sure that you have the tools necessary to build a sliding gate yourself.
Tool preparation
Prepare or borrow from a friend an angle grinder, a grinder, a concrete mixer, a bricklaying tool, a screwdriver, a stepladder, shovels, a hammer, a level, wrenches, a crowbar and a tape measure.
The list is quite extensive and if you have not acquired a specific tool, you should not buy it right away; perhaps your friends have it or you can rent it. Because with the purchase of equipment you are unlikely to save on installing sliding gates yourself.
When everything is ready, you should start working directly.
DIY sliding gates. Installation
We are preparing - an important stage
First, do some preliminary work. The plant layer of soil will have to be removed; if there is another covering in this place, you will still have to get rid of it. For convenience, markings for future sliding gates are needed.
Further, in the process of laying out, it is necessary to use four reinforcing elements of 1 meter each and electrodes - axes (permanent and temporary). Before hammering in the reinforcement, make sure that the diagonals of the rectangle match. After this, hammer in, leaving 20 centimeters on the surface. A fishing line is placed between the reinforcement. From the main axes you can create temporary ones.
Advice. Do not forget that the hole for the post must be slightly wider than its size. For example, with a pillar measuring 40x40 cm, the hole should be at least 42x42 cm. The foundation will be wider and it will be easier for you to lay bricks.
The embedded part also requires certain conditions from the foundation. The pit must be half the length of the gate opening.
Advice. Consider the climate of your area when creating pits. The depth must be large, greater than the freezing depth. If the foundation is too close to the top, the frozen soil will push it out, making the structure unreliable. Sometimes the depth can be almost one and a half meters; you should not be dismissive at this stage.
When the walls crumble during the creation of a pit, you cannot do without formwork. In this case, you can save money by choosing old material; the boards will already be covered with soil.
Pour water over the finished pits to ensure compaction. If further work continues later, be sure to cover them and protect them from rain, which could wash them out.
In order not to spoil the driveway later, dig a trench in advance where the sleeve with the electric cable will be laid, so that later you can connect the sliding gate automation easily and quickly. For this work you will need a regular plastic water pipe, choose a diameter of approximately 20 mm. At the moment when the sleeve is laid, cover the ends of the pipe with polyethylene, which will protect against dirt and moisture. When the liner has been laid and backfilled, pour water over the place where the laying took place to ensure compaction of the soil.
So far, the sliding gate sketch has been used little, but in the future it will still be very useful.
Preparing the pillars
The function of the core will be performed by metal products, in this case, pipes. It is better to take rectangular products with dimensions 80X80 mm or 100X100 mm. Round metal pipes are also suitable; we take a diameter of 80 mm or more.
The pipe above the ground (its upper part) should be slightly lower than the pole, a couple of centimeters is enough. If, for example, the pillar is 2.5 m high, then the core must be 2.45 m. The part underground should not reach the bottom of the pit. 5 cm is also enough. If the hole is 90 cm deep, then the lower part of the pipe is 85 cm.
Advice. To achieve maximum strength of the core, so that the design of sliding gates with your own hands is strong, you can make a kind of reinforcement by welding two reinforcing elements crosswise at the bottom. The length of the welded parts is 25 cm.
When the pipe is installed in the hole, protect it from moisture by covering it with something.
Do-it-yourself sliding gates: creating an embedded part
Your work as a whole will depend on the quality of this element, because the embedded part affects the movement of the gate and the electric drive.
For this element, a channel is quite suitable, the width of which is approximately 20 cm, but not less than 16. The length should correspond to half the width of the gate opening.
In order for the channel to be securely and durablely held in concrete, it will be necessary to weld the reinforcement. The welding machine will come in handy again. For work, select 4 pieces of reinforcement, the length of which should be approximately 90 cm. Weld on both sides and tie with reinforcement jumpers, choosing a diameter of 10 mm.
Concreting the foundation for sliding gates
The preparation of metal products is basically completed, you can move on to a new stage of work. You need to pour the foundation for the sliding gates yourself. As a standard, it is better to take the M200 concrete grade. Prepare the mixture: 1 bucket of cement, sand - 3 c, crushed stone - 5 c. (fraction 5-20 or 20-40). Considering the total volume of the batch, use 20% water.
Wait until the temperature is normal, because in cold weather you will have to use additional anti-freeze additives. If the outside temperature is normal above zero, you can begin the concreting process.
Before pouring concrete into the foundation for sliding gates with your own hands, make sure once again that all metal structures in the pits have not moved and are securely located. They may shift under the weight of the concrete, make sure this does not happen. Using a level, check that the installation is level by checking horizontally and vertically.
Channel - exactly at the level of the horizon surface; if the passage is not ready, calculate the distance of the top. Ideally, there should be 7 cm between the gate and the surface, so that in snowy weather the gate does not get snow in when it moves.
Advice. The design of sliding gates with your own hands must be durable; do not forget to constantly compact the concrete when pouring each portion of the mixture to avoid the formation of voids.
Once concreting is complete, you can begin leveling to remove any unevenness. If it is very hot outside, the concrete should be protected from cracking by covering it. Water it with water a couple of times a day.
While the concrete gains its strength, you can rest for a week. This is a strong recommendation if your goal is a reliable and durable gate.
Brickwork of pillars for sliding gates
Having dealt with the foundations and waiting until they become strong, you can begin laying bricks, installing embedded elements for the strips. Use a 50X50 mm corner, the length of which is approximately 8 cm, and the reinforcement with a diameter of 8 mm is equal to half the column. Weld it to the core.
The flashing requires three layings of three parts: 1 at the bottom after laying 3 rows of bricks, then the middle one in the middle, and 1 part at the top - knowing the upper edge of the gate in the future, lay it a little lower.
DIY sliding gate frame
To make it more convenient for you to create a frame, use pipes with a rectangular or square cross-section. To create sliding gates with your own hands, you will also have to use drawings and diagrams. The drawing - a detailed diagram of your work, which was discussed at the beginning, will now be very important. If you have a sketch of a sliding gate, there will definitely not be any problems. It also helps to save materials by using exactly as much as is required to make sliding gates with your own hands.
Clean metal pipes and all other elements from rust, degrease and prime. In the standard version, a 60X40 mm or 60X30 mm pipe is used for sashes and load-bearing elements. The second internal frame is 30X20 mm.
The entire assembly begins with the guide rail, which means that at this stage it must be prepared in advance. When assembling the frame, ensure its stability in a vertical position, weld two parts of pipes (square), they will act as stands.
In the supporting frame, weld the lower pipe to the rail using tack welds. Use a seam length of 15-20 mm, a pitch of 600-700 mm, on both sides, in a checkerboard order.
Advice. Don't make a continuous seam. This is not only impractical and leads to unnecessary consumption of electrodes, but also threatens that the guide profile will lead, the gate will jam, and movement will become difficult.
After this, we can install the vertical pipes, grabbing them with one weld. Using a level, check the resulting vertical evenness, when you are sure that everything is normal, only then do a thorough welding.
Next, inside along the perimeter, it is worth welding the pipes of the second frame, not the main one; corrugated sheeting will be welded to them later. The pipes must be in the center of the supporting frame so that the flooring, when it is already in the sash, is slightly recessed.
The welding work is completed, you can clean the seams with a grinder, prime them and paint them.
Advice. It is better to paint in three layers.
To secure the corrugated sheeting, use 19 mm self-tapping screws for special purposes - for metal, to make it easier, you can attach it when the sash is already installed in the opening on the support. Each sheet must be adjusted separately, it must fit against the frame. Leave the triangle-shaped part of the sash without installing corrugated sheets, because this part will not fit into the opening.
Everything is on the doors, but other equally important details remain.
There is very little left to complete the homemade sliding gate.
Coverings are created and installed from metal pipes 60X30 or 60X40 mm.
To create sliding gates with your own hands, select fittings:
- The guide rail is a good quality profile, the surface is smooth, without flaws, not rough, without scale. The metal must be specific; it must contain more carbon than usual
- Roller carriages - with metal rollers, polymers cannot be used. Bearings with metal rubber boots. Move without difficulty. Be sure to take care of corrosion protection.
- The top plate has rollers, there should be 2 or 4 of them. It is better to take one with a rubber coating that will not scratch the canvas.
- Bottom end roller – either polymer or metal will do.
- Lower and upper catchers.
- Rubber plugs, preferably with a corrugated part.
- Roller bearing mounting plates.
Installing sliding gates with your own hands will not pose many difficulties. All that remains is to install the listed elements and start installing the automation. The design of sliding gates seems complicated, but you can do it yourself, without third-party paid help, using our instructions and watching the video instructions below.
The problem of limited space is relevant not only for urban but also for suburban life. It can occur already at the entrance to the territory of your personal plot. At the same time, very often, the problem is aggravated by the presence of swing gates, which require a lot of free space to open. The situation is completely different with sliding structures, which almost always successfully solve a similar problem. From this article you will learn how to make sliding gates with your own hands and what is their main advantage over the traditional type of entrance gate.
Main features of sliding gates
Sliding gates are a modern and practical design that allows you to save a lot of free space required to open them. The peculiarity is that the gate leaf moves along the fence, while occupying a minimum of space. This is the main advantage of sliding gates over swing gates.
Modern classification involves dividing sliding gates into varieties according to the following criteria:
Degree of automation of gate opening and closing
Based on this parameter, two types of structures are distinguished:
- Mechanical;
- Automatic.
Mechanical sliding gates are the cheapest and simplest option. Opening as well as closing of such structures is carried out only manually.
Automatic sliding gates have much wider functionality than their mechanical counterparts. The person is only involved in pressing buttons.
Despite the fact that gates with an automatic opening mechanism are much more expensive than regular ones, they are one of the most popular types of designs today.
Interesting to know! The price of automatic gates depends not only on the features of the opening mechanism, but also on the type of automation used.
Automation for sliding gates
The door leaf moves using an electric drive, which can be started in the following ways:
Start button
The device is turned on by pressing the corresponding button. The disadvantage of this method is that the button is located directly next to the gate.
Remote control (RC)
This is a much more convenient option than the push-button method. The remote control allows you to open the gate from a distance. In this case, it should be located directly in front of the receiver. To stop the blade, limit switches are provided.
GSM module
It represents the most advanced way to control sliding gates. Distance here does not matter at all, and you can give a command to open or close structures from another country or even continent. The main thing is that the areas are provided with high-quality mobile GSM communications.
Construction and design of sliding gates
According to this criterion, sliding sliding gates are divided into three types:
- Rail;
- Hanging;
- Console.
- Rail gates- are the easiest option to manufacture. The shield together with the frame moves by means of rollers along a special guide rail fixed to the base. This type of construction can be used on various openings, but the most popular is the opening - the minimum width and height of which is 7 m and 2.4 m (respectively).
Gates on rails are not limited in terms of the location of the drive, placing the least load on it. However, rails of such designs require additional maintenance, especially in winter.
- Hanging gates- are very similar to their rail counterparts, except that the guide rail is placed in the upper part of the structure, and the shield together with the frame is suspended from it by means of rollers. Thus, such structures set certain restrictions on the height of passing vehicles, which depends on the level of the guide rail.
The drive mechanism is also located at the top, which significantly complicates the work associated with the repair and maintenance of equipment.
Installation of hanging sliding gates is most in demand on sloping areas and in openings of non-standard size.
- Console gates- do not have any restrictions in terms of the height of the opening. There is also no need to arrange a foundation along the length of the structure, this is explained by the absence of a guide rail.
The big disadvantage of cantilever-type gates is the need to install a reinforced support column, which supports the weight of the entire structure, as well as the presence of additional space for a counterweight and console. The standard console is in demand in openings with a height and width of 2.4 m and 6 m (respectively).
Number of sliding sashes
There are two types of sliding gates:
- Single leaf;
- Bivalve.
The second option, in addition to the additional sash, requires the installation of an additional drive mechanism, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the structure. That is why the demand for double-leaf sliding gates is less than for single-leaf ones.
DIY sliding gates (drawings, diagrams)
If you decide to install sliding gates with your own hands, do not forget that the convenient and long-term operation of structures is determined by a number of factors that must be taken into account.
To make a door leaf for a sliding gate, you will need a set of plumbing tools, which include:
- welding machine;
- carpentry clamps;
- grinder with cutting and grinding discs;
- measuring tape or tape measure 7 m long;
- chalk or pencil;
It is important to consider that the finished metal structure should not have any bends or distortions, so a perfectly flat area should be used for welding it.
Sliding gate structure (diagram): 1 - Supporting bracket, 2 - steel frame, 3 - lower catcher, 4.5 - supporting carriages (rollers), 6 - electric drive
Fabrication and assembly of the frame
As an example, consider the production of a classic sliding gate design with a counterweight, where the width of the entrance opening is 4 meters.
- To make reliable and durable sliding gates that will serve you for decades, choose steel pipes with a wall thickness of at least 2 mm. The best option is a pipe with a rectangular cross-section 60×40.
Welding work
- Cut the side gate posts to size and lay them on the ground. Place the top and bottom strips between them so that you get an even rectangle. Please note that the bottom bar of the gate must be longer than the top, since the slope will be attached to it.
- So that the internal corners of the frame are straight and have ∠90°, check both diagonals, they should have the same length. This way you will be able to avoid distortion of the structure.
- Tack each corner with a welding point and check the diagonals again. If nothing has changed, you can proceed with the final welding of the frame.
1.3 - upper and lower bars, 2.5 - side posts, 4 - guide rail, 6 - oblique support
Concrete works
Sliding gates are a rather heavy structure and to prevent them from sagging, a reliable base should be installed under the retaining element on which it will rest well.
Such a base is made from a metal channel 20 cm wide and a reinforced U-shaped frame.
- Using reinforcement with a diameter of 8-10 mm, a special hook and knitting wire, a frame resembling the Russian letter “P” is made;
- A channel is welded on top of the frame;
- The finished structure is lowered into a pit and concreted so that its upper part protrudes 5-10 cm above ground level.
Important! Before using the laying pad for its intended purpose, the concrete must be allowed to dry for at least 2 weeks.
Locksmith work
The most difficult stages of the work are over; all that remains is to attach the pipes to the posts and install the gate leaf on the roller supports.
- First of all, roller carriages are welded to the channel along which the guide beam will run;
- Then pipes are attached to the support pillars: a single 60x40, and a U-shaped profile welded from pipes of the same size;
- Next, catchers are welded to the top and bottom of the single pipe, and support rollers are welded to the U-shaped profile;
All welding and plumbing work can be carried out independently only if you have relevant experience in this matter, otherwise it is better to contact qualified workers who can provide guarantees for the work performed.
- The end roller is inserted into the guide beam and securely secured with bolts. It works in tandem with the lower catcher and must fit into it accurately when the gate is closed.
- All that remains is to lubricate all the mechanisms and install the gate leaf in place. If everything is done correctly, the gate should open and close smoothly and easily, without vibration or any jerking.
Important! Over time, the gate leaf may sag a little, so it is advisable to weld the lower catcher a couple of millimeters below the level of the end roller.
Automation and accessories
If desired, the process of operating sliding gates can be made even more functional and convenient if you use automated rather than manual control.
When choosing automation, you should pay attention to the following parameters:
- Weight and type of sash design;
- Conditions and frequency of operation of the gate;
- Operating temperature range and engine power.
If the leaf weight exceeds 400 kg and the gate is planned to be used in winter, it is better to use an industrial motor with a large power reserve, since the load increases greatly at low temperatures.
It is better to entrust the installation and connection of the electric drive to qualified specialists, although it is known from experience that many cope with this task on their own.
As for gate fittings, the service life of the entire structure will directly depend on its quality. You can purchase the necessary kit at any specialized store. Most importantly, do not forget to check with the seller about the availability of a certificate for the product.
Set of fittings for sliding gates: 1 - upper catcher, 2 - supporting element, 3 - toothed lower bar, 4 - lower catcher, 5 - end roller, 6 - guide beam, 7 - roller support, 8 - rollers, 9 - electric drive
Conclusion from what you read
If we take into account all the pros and cons of sliding gates, we can come to the conclusion that there are still more advantages. With its reliability and practicality, this type of fencing has long won the trust of professionals; moreover, this design will look modern and take up little space.
Gates with a sliding or, as it is also called, a sliding system are an integral part of the structure intended for fencing a dacha and adjacent areas.
Today, the range of such designs is extensive, but many craftsmen want to make gates of this type on their own.
This is not only due to the economic point of view, but also due to the use of creative energy. Therefore, many people ask the question, how to make sliding gates with your own hands and in a short time?
Types of sliding gates
Retractables are produced in different types, which have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Console gates
Cantilever gate design allows you not to limit the upper dimensions of the product, and also eliminates contact with the lower rail passing near the surface of the earth.
This is one of the most difficult structures to implement. The basis of such a gate is a console or, as it is also called, a channel. These devices hold the door of the structure when opening and closing the gate.
Modern gates with this type of movement lack lower and upper guides, which provides the car with free movement into the yard. The canvas is suspended on a special beam standing on rollers that move the surface of the product.
Roller blocks and a guide beam are usually placed in the lower section of the gate. Often there are similar sliding mechanisms with reinforcement of rollers and beams in the upper or even in the middle part.
Such placement is justified when we are talking about a wall with capital properties or a canvas with increased strength that can withstand the large weight of the structure.
For home use, it is best to do the bottom movement so that you do not have to carry out additional work to strengthen the wall.
This gate last longer than others, because the sliding structure fits completely into the guide grooves, which protect the product from the weathering of the external environment.
Cantilever gates are often equipped with an electric drive. It is attached between the roller carriages. The drive has a control unit and special devices to ensure safe movement.
Positive sides such gates are obvious:
For console systems there are disadvantages, but there are not many of them:
- the design of such gates is difficult to make with your own hands;
- installing a gate requires a free area for a gap, which is one and a half times larger than the opening itself. This is not always feasible;
- the need to create a strong foundation.
Hanging gates
Overhead sliding gates are popular in warehouses, businesses and garage docks. The principle of operation of such a mechanism is almost the same as that of conventional sliding gates, with only one difference - the guide beam is attached to the top of the opening.
When choosing elements for fastening the structure, you need to purchase only high-quality products.
It is recommended to choose a material suitable for this type of gate from steel with additional galvanization and PVC coating for resistance to negative natural factors.
The gate opens along the wall, so it does not require additional space on the inside or outside. If desired, this design can be equipped with an electric drive for ease of operation.
Advantages of sliding gates on a suspended basis:
- Suspended designs significantly save space.
- The strength of the gate allows it to withstand wind loads.
- There is no need to additionally clear the entrance in front of the house from snow.
Roller structures
Gates with roller mechanism are more popular for entering the yard than in a garage, because the width of the garage wall does not always allow placing a solid sash and placing the entire mechanism to the side when the structure opens.
This is an ideal option for the yard due to the space saving and ease of use of the device. When you press the button, the roller mechanism is activated so that the fence moves to the side.
If you equip the device with automatic control, you can operate it using the remote control.
The gate structure consists of a guide profile attached to the bottom of the product, a roller mechanism on a bearing basis, a frame cloth and other elements that fasten and hold the structure.
Rail gates
The principle of operation of rail gates is to slide the protective cloth along the surface of a special rail located on the surface of the ground. The movement occurs due to the roller, welded to the bottom of the product.
Of all types of gates with a sliding system rail mechanism is the simplest and most popular. It is often used at entrances to private homes.
Such a mechanism has a number of advantages:
- the sash has support, so it will never sag;
- the simplicity of the device allows it to be made by a craftsman who does not have much experience;
- the sash does not take up much space and is equal to the width of the entrance opening.
Flaws such devices:
- the operation of the sash can be disrupted by trapped debris or snow cover;
- the rail guiding the web must be cleaned regularly;
- the rail laid on top of the soil protrudes slightly, which makes it difficult for a vehicle to enter.
Sliding gates consisting of two parts
Sliding gates are sometimes made of two parts. This working principle allows you to save space in the width of the wall, since the gate is divided into two parts.
The design can also be equipped with automation and opened with a remote control. Electric drives are installed in each gate leaf.
Design and arrangement of gates with a sliding mechanism
One of the most popular gates are cantilever gates, the design of which consists of the following elements:
Making sliding gates with your own hands
Preparation for work start by checking the necessary tools:
All of the listed tools can be found in every home, with the exception of only a welding machine. You can ask your friends or neighbors for it. If funds allow, it is better to buy it; such a tool will never be superfluous.
You may be interested in how to make fence gates from corrugated sheets.
Creating a drawing and diagram
If all the necessary tools are available, you can proceed to counting the building materials that need to be purchased on the construction market and metal warehouse.
The frame is being made by welding first pipes 60x40 millimeters, 6 meters long to the guide. Next, two vertical pipes 60x40 millimeters, 2 meters each, are attached, the first to the edge, the second at a distance of 4.4 meters from the edge of the horizontal pipe.
A horizontal pipe, 4.4 meters long, is attached to the upper ends of these pipes. The free edge of the lower horizontal pipe and the edge of the upper one are connected at an angle by a 2.56 meter pipe.
The frame canvas should be filled with vertical pipes 40x20 millimeters. Next they move on to the power frame.
The foundation for the future structure must be prepared by digging a U-shaped pit at least one and a half meters deep.
A section with an opening of four meters should be equal to six meters. Road clearance you need to draw at least seventy-five millimeters.
Power frame It is prepared from a channel (2.2 meters long and 20 centimeters wide) and reinforcement, the height of which is 1.5 meters, in mutually perpendicular directions.
This structure is concreted and the drive platform and stand are welded to it. Next, the lower rollers are attached to the stand and the upper roller to the post. The upper and lower traps are attached to the post opposite the moving gate.
The last element The circuit is automatic and rack and pinion.
Material selection
Having drawn a diagram of the proposed design, you need to carefully study the material for the frame and door leaf.
The frame is made of wood or profile pipe.
The inside of the gate is created from:
When choosing a material from forged elements or wooden components, it is important to remember that such a design requires reinforced parts of components and additional fittings.
Screw piles are often used in sliding gates, and such supports are made within three or four days. If you use a concrete base, such work is carried out in the warm and dry season.
It takes a month for the material to dry completely., and this significantly delays the installation of sliding gates.
That's why screw piles are more practical and smarter when installing the gate yourself. Such piles can be moved to different places, and the concrete will remain poured in its original location.
The structures withstand vibrations thanks to their blades, and the cement base will become loose over time and disrupt the entire propulsion system of the structure.
Foundation made using screw piles is durable, and the installed canvas lasts a long time and without failures. Piles can be installed in weak and water-saturated soil. They cut through the soil until they find reliable support underground.
Installation of screw piles
The main condition for high-quality installation of screw piles in such a structure is rigidity. This condition is due to the fact that the screw piles bear an increased load. Material should not go into the ground even under the influence of its own weight.
When installing such a structure, you should use a profile pipe with the selected parameters and pipe sheathing. The frame is pre-coated with primer.
Gate components are selected taking into account the weight and height of the product. The canvas moves sideways along the guide; it is its quality that determines how long the structure will last.
It is important to know that the gate rollback must exceed the size of the opening. This distance is considered to be the measurement indicator of the console, which is equal to the width of the opening.
For efficient movement of gates installed on screw piles, an appropriate area will be required.
The choice of site must be approached thoroughly and with the calculation that the width of the gate should be multiplied by a factor of one point five, then the ideal distance will be obtained. This is important for convenient use of the product..
Installation of piles produced in several stages:
- Laying the foundation, which includes marking the territory and clearing holes from soil. Installation of embedded materials and, if necessary, pouring concrete.
- If the master plans to install automatic control, he must electrical cabling.
- Sequential installation of poles and the entire gate system.
Estimated movement of the gate system fixed with lacing, stretched along the line of the entire opening. The recommended fixation height is two hundred millimeters.
If the pit was filled with a concrete solution, it will take seven days to continue the work until the solution dries completely.
Frame preparation
Metal product for frame treated with anti-corrosion coating and give it time for the solution to dry on the surface.
You can make the frame yourself, but the main thing is so that the welded elements have no holes in the joints. If there are such holes, dirt and snow will get into them.
The base of the frame consists of pipes measuring 60x40 mm, as shown in the photo with the sketch above. The ribs of the structure and the lintels inside can have a cross-section measuring 20x40 millimeters.
The frame is assembled in the following order:
- Profile pipes are measured and cut according to the prepared drawing.
- The resulting parts for creating a frame product are degreased, painted and treated with a special solvent.
- The prepared elements are laid out on a flat surface.
- The perimeter of the frame is assembled and clamped with a welding machine.
- The corners of the product are checked and, if everything matches, they are finally welded together.
- After welding, stiffeners and internal jumpers are installed on the product.
- The lower part of the product is connected to the supporting beam.
- The surface where the welding work was carried out is covered with an anti-corrosion coating and an additional layer of paint.
Manufacturing sliding gates with a wicket significantly complicates the entire design and installation process. Necessary take into account the location of the gate at the earliest stages of work.
Installation of corrugated sheets
To cover the gate you will need, screws 19 millimeters long and a screwdriver.
If the owner does not want to waste additional material for the counterweight triangle, this can be abandoned, because it will not be noticeable from the street side.
Automatic gates will look even better if the pillars are lined with brick. With basic knowledge about the masonry process, this is not difficult to do.
Necessary accessories
It is better to purchase the parts necessary to create a gate in specialized stores. It makes no sense to produce them yourself, because it is not justified from an economic point of view.
Before purchasing a rail mechanism, you need to calculate the required length. It is calculated based on the width of the gate and multiplying the number by 1.5.
Accessories designed for sliding gates selected based on the weight of the structure. There are parts that can withstand loads of up to four hundred kilograms, and sometimes there are models for sale for forged gates that can withstand up to eight hundred kilograms.
For gates with corrugated sheeting, parts that can withstand up to four hundred kilograms are suitable.
When choosing carriages with a roller mechanism, you need to decide what material they will be made of.
The building materials market offers a choice between metal and polymer materials. It is best to choose a polymer coating, with proper use it will last a long time and will create less noise than metal.
Fastening the strips
In a brick row, three embedded parts are made for the subsequent installation of the strip. A piece of reinforcement is welded to the post. A corner is attached to the edge of the reinforcement product in such a way that one part of it is held on the brick, and the other protrudes outward.
Upper and lower embedded parts installed at the level of the third bricks, and the middle one is in the middle of the product.
A pipe is welded to the protruding corners - a flashing with dimensions of 60x30 millimeters.
Guide rail
It is impossible to produce a rail for moving a structure at home, so you will have to spend money on purchasing such a part.
When choosing a material, you must first pay attention to presence of a mirror surface and correct angles. Manufacturers usually take care of their reputation and polish their products against rust.
Based on the weight and size of the structure, choose a suitable rail.
Maintaining the rails is not difficult: you need to regularly check its surface for dirt and excess debris.
Roller carriages
Movement of roller carriages allows you to move the gate system along the opening. Each carriage of the system consists of eight rollers made of metal or polymer coating.
The process of manufacturing the carriage is not difficult: holes are made in the marked metal plates to accommodate the roller mechanism.
To create a carriage you can use bearings from an old car, for example, from Zhiguli.
If the metal is not strong enough, then the plates are welded. When drilling, it is best to use oil to cool the surface.
The axes and holes are measured and the surface is cut to the required length. Place washers on the axle, then wheels, and screw the resulting structure for movement. Before welding the base bearings must be tightly packed with lubricant.
The process of making homemade rollers for sliding gates is shown in the video:
Catchers and plugs
Metal plates curved in a special way are designed to catch gates and their commits after closing. With the correct selection and quality of the metal used, making such products will not be difficult.
The plugs serve as protection for the guide from snow and mud. You can purchase ready-made protective elements made of rubber or plastic material. You can simply weld the ends of the beam material with a welding machine.
Independent production of fittings is allowed, but with the condition that the master already has experience in carrying out such work.
If you lack experience, it is better to purchase additional elements in specialized stores from reliable manufacturers.
Installation of frame and gate
After completing the creation and preparation of parts and structural elements, you need to install the frame and gate.
The carriages are placed on the channel installed in the foundation, while trying to move them apart when strengthening.
The frame for sliding gates is attached to the carriages and is set taking into account level indicators. After this, the carriage platforms are lightly welded to the channel system.
After these steps, control measurements are taken and the carriage platform is finally welded.
It is important to monitor the level indicators, which will indicate the presence of distortions in the structure.
After this, the traps of the upper and lower sections are welded, and the end rollers are installed.
Important to remember that the end rollers must engage the lower catch system so that they completely unload it when the system is closed.
Automatic system in sliding gates
The automatic opening of sliding gates is carried out by a mechanism equipped with electric drive. Opening occurs using a remote control button. To assemble such a mechanism, any materials from the garage are suitable, and mounting will take no more than a day.
The signal is supplied by a roller or chain system using an asynchronous motor.
At the preliminary stage of work, you need to select the appropriate engine for the mechanism.
If you have a three-phase meter with a star winding, it is recommended to choose this device.
With such a device, you can avoid problems with system movement and increase gate efficiency.
If a three-phase meter is not available, you can use single-phase with capacitor type. It is important to know that such a device has low performance, especially when starting the system.
If neither the first nor the second option is found, you can use less expensive materials. We must not forget about the reliable connection of kinematics. The gear shaft is connected to the engine using a rigid coupling.
The gearbox can be replaced by a belt drive. This method of assembly work has difficulties connecting the tripod elements and the additional use of an automobile tensioning mechanism.
The mechanism with an independent shaft is of particular importance when using a belt mechanism. Extreme care must be taken to center the shaft, because it is on it that there are two transmissions.
Self-manufacturing of electric drives
The most basic installation method automation of the sliding gate movement process is a chain or, as it is also called, rack and pinion transmission.
A bicycle chain is attached to the gear shaft, and another special one is installed on top of it, with a diameter in the links similar to that of the sprocket.
The chain is installed in a horizontal plane. Sprocket rotation in one direction or the other sets the entire sliding gate mechanism in motion.
The engine and gearbox are strengthened using bolts with special nuts. The support for them must be rigid. Elongated holes are made under the base to securely fix the motor mechanism.
The next step in installation is attaching the chain to the gate. The chain is installed at the bottom of the beam, and a casing is used as additional protection made of rubber material.
In order to finally strengthen the chain, welding is used.
Installation of automatic gates
To put it all together, you need to perform several steps:
- Before installation, you need to select a place for installation and begin installing the rail in such a way that so that it is on the surface of the gear.
- The drive is fixed at the desired point with a welding machine.
- Next you need install the rack. It is welded to the pipe and pulled past the surface of the canvas.
- All elements are checked and welded again.
- The next stage is the installation of limit switches. They can be mechanical or magnetic.
- The system must be connected in accordance with the instructions given by the manufacturer. Settings for additional functions are carried out using the remote control.
- Further install lighting elements, capturing photo signals.
- Mounting a signal type lamp that transmits data about approaching objects. This element can be excluded from the installation, but for the safety of the structure it is better to use it.
To install, you need to make a hole in the pipe and route the main power supplies through it.
How to make a simple sliding gate with your own hands, see the video below:
Do-it-yourself sliding gates - drawings, diagrams, installation and design details. We have made 100% free sliding gate drawings for you.
You no longer need to scour the Internet in search of sensible drawings, stumbling upon ancient drawings that are devoid of practical meaning, you don’t need to give your Viber or other messenger so that sectarian managers will call you for months. There is no need to buy components at exorbitant prices from companies that promise a “free” drawing when you purchase their product, etc.
"HOW TO MAKE SLIDING GATES WITH YOUR OWN HANDS"
We tried to create a database of sliding gate drawings so that every user who decides to make a sliding gate with their own hands can easily find useful information for themselves. You can find out the general theory about the design of sliding gates in the article sliding gate diagram. It is better to view the drawings on a large-diagonal tablet, desktop computer, or print it out.
BUY SLIDING GATE ACCESSORIES.
A few words on how to use the database. Let's say you have a classic opening 4 m wide. Find a drawing in the range that your opening falls into and feel free to make a gate along it. The fact is that sliding gates must cover the opening in each direction by 100-200mm. Firstly, the gaps are closed, and secondly, such overlap is necessary for proper fixation of the gate with catchers and an upper limiter. In the drawings, the covering of the opening with a sash is indicated - D, there is never too much of it, there is only a little. This is another important advantage of sliding gates - it’s harder to “mess up”
That is, for an opening of 3.9 m and 4.1 m, the sash will be the same, only parameter D will differ, 200 mm and 100 mm, respectively, which is within normal limits. For the required opening of 4 m, the covering will be 150 mm in each direction, which is excellent.
If your opening is, say, 4.15 m, then do it either like 4.1 or like 4.2, it will still work out correctly.
BUY AUTOMATION FOR SLIDING GATES PRICE
Regarding the height of the gate. The database contains drawings for an opening 2 m high from the level of the finished floor; if you have more or less than 2 m, then add or subtract the desired distance from the frame heights and that’s it.
Example: let’s say the height of your gate from zero (in the drawings - H) is not 2m, but 2.5m.
Add 500mm to all heights. and we get: H=2500mm, H2=2430mm, H1=2370, h3=2310mm, h4=2230mm. All.
The same thing applies to the direction of opening - the database contains gates that open to the left, when viewed from the yard; with a right opening, everything will be the opposite without any design changes.
HOW TO CHOOSE THE CORRECT ACCESSORIES FOR SLIDING GATES.
The recommended fittings for sliding gates with a width of 3-5.4 m are SP PREMIER STANDART-500. Your gate will move easily, smoothly and silently. That's how it is in the video.
With fittings from another manufacturer, such a smooth and quiet gate operation may not be possible.
As they say, feel the difference. Gates with fittings from one brand widely advertised on the Internet:
FREE DRAWINGS OF SLIDING GATES:
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 3.0-3.2 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 3.3-3.5 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 3.6-3.8 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 3.9-4.1 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 4.2-4.4 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 4.5-4.7 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 4.8-5.0 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 5.2-5.4 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 5.5-5.7 m (click to enlarge)
Please note that from this gate size onwards a large guide 94x85x5 is used.
Recommended fittings for gates with a width of 5.4-10 m are STRONG-800 or Roll Grand #1 up to 800 kg.
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 5.8-6.0 m (click to enlarge)
Drawing of a sliding gate with an opening of 6.0-10.0 m (click to enlarge)
For such gates, fitting kits for 800 kg with a guide 94x85 and a wall thickness of 5 mm are also used. We recommend STRONG-800 or Roll Grand #1 up to 800 kg.
The technology and methodology remain the same. We calculate the length of the gate structure using the formula: Lopening*1.5+200mm. Where Lopening is the clear width of the opening, the length of the counterweight is 0.5 from Lopening, 200mm is covering the opening with a canvas of 100mm on each side. For such large gates, it is highly advisable to make the counterweight part equal to half the opening. That's all the nuances.
In this article we will tell you about the main secrets and nuances of manufacturing sliding gates. Sliding gates are the best solution for organizing entry into a yard or enterprise territory. Let's consider their advantages: simple kinematics - sliding gates move (roll away) along the fence, requiring less labor to opening and closing are easily and cheaply automated, do not require fixation in the open position - they will not be closed unexpectedly, for example, by the wind, as happens with swing gates. To manufacture sliding gates, special components are required - the so-called fittings for sliding gates or otherwise sliding gate mechanism.
In addition, sliding gates, unlike classic swing gates, require space for rolling back the door leaf and a special foundation. See fig.
To calculate how much space is needed to roll back the gate, you need to multiply the clear width of the opening by 1.4. In other words, the space for sliding should be 40% greater than the width of the opening, since sliding gates consist of a door leaf and a counterweight, the length of which is 40% of the door leaf.
If your site meets these conditions, then you can get down to business. If there is a shortage of space, then the minimum possible length of the counterweight for normal operation of the gate will be 33% less; it is no longer possible - the gate will peck and it will be difficult to “walk”; if there is no space at all, then it must be admitted that sliding gates cannot be installed and it is worth considering other types, for example, swing, roller, etc. Sliding gates with a wicket - these nuances are described.
So, if everything is in order with the place for the sliding gate, then we proceed to constructing the opening for the sliding gate. First, you need to install pillars enclosing the opening, we will not dwell on this in detail because everything is clear here, we will only note that the pillars should not wobble, be concreted taking into account the depth of soil freezing, and also mortgages (3 pieces each) should be placed on the surface of the pillar facing the courtyard, the strips will subsequently be attached to these mortgages, we will come to this later. The optimal size of each mortgage is 60x60mm. The mortgage must be flush with the brick or protrude slightly; connection with the central pipe in the column is required. If the pillars are metal, then mortgages are not needed - the strips will be welded directly to them. An example of a well-prepared opening:
Scheme of concreting the foundation of sliding gates with electrical wiring: Clickable. More information about the foundation -
After installing the pillars, we proceed to pouring the foundation. You need to dig a hole half the width of the opening. We start from the edge of the opening and move towards the rollback of the gate. The width of the pit is 400-500 mm, the depth is 1000-1500 mm, depending on the soil. For quicksand, swamps, and quicksand, we study construction documentation for foundations. The foundation should not sag, be subject to seasonal sinking, pushing, etc.
After our pit is ready, we make a “banquette”, see fig. higher. We take a channel 10-16 cm wide and also half the width of the opening, weld reinforcement with a diameter of 10-14 mm to the shelves and form an adequate spatial grid from the reinforcement. Next, we fix the bench in the hole, set the surface of the channel to the level of the “finished floor” (final asphalt or tiles), in addition, the surface of the channel must lie exactly at the horizontal level, this is important. We lay the channel close to the post. After this, we fill the pit with solution and wait a week or two.
As a result, after this we will get the following foundation:
The photo above shows the foundation for the sliding gates laid out in the “clean zero” of the yard, but the area will still be filled up. Therefore, it is also important to determine the level of the finished floor of your site before pouring; you may have to install formwork. Now let's move on to manufacturing the supporting frame of the sliding gate.
As a rule, profiled pipes 60x30 and 60x40 with a 2mm wall are used for the external frame, but 50x50, 60x60 are also possible. First, we fence our pipes - remove rust, degrease and prime. In Fig. these pipes are shown in green. We form an external frame from a 60*30 pipe, make sure that all the necessary angles are right, the canvas is in the same plane, and we do not make the common mistake when the frame, usually in the area of the counterweight, lifts up a little along with the guide - everything should be smooth and neat. Welding seams must be continuous, without holes. To weld the gate frame, it is also convenient to use a specialized T-profile, this will significantly reduce the amount of welding work, since in itself it is already the desired combination of pipes 60x40 and 40x20.
Drawing diagram of a sliding gate device in the general case. External frame (green), internal sheathing (red), guide from the hardware kit (black).
The principle of forming a frame for sliding gates:
FREE DRAWINGS OF SLIDING GATES.
And this is a cross-sectional drawing of a sliding gate to help you understand the components of the gate height:
An example of a drawing of a gate frame for an opening of 4 meters and a height of 2 meters.
After this, you need to weld the internal frame (sheathing), which serves to ensure the rigidity of the structure, and also serves to fasten the lining - corrugated sheets, boards, polycarbonate, block house, etc.). The internal frame is made from a 20*20mm, 20*40mm pipe; it is easier to get into a 20*40 pipe with a rivet or a self-tapping screw. The internal frame is shown in Fig. above in red.
Distance “a” is equal to the width of the corrugated sheet used (often 1150mm); the joints of the sheets must pass along the vertical pipe of the sheathing. Distance "b" is equal to the distance remaining after sewing with solid sheets. The outermost sheet is usually always carefully cut to width using a grinder
It should look like this:
If the gate is sewn up on one side, then the inner sheathing can be moved to the edge of the outer frame towards the yard; this is true if the sheathing material is thick, for example corrugated sheeting with a “high wave”, sandwich panels, boards, etc. Welding work, as I already said, is carried out competently so that the pipes do not “lead”, we follow the principle of “chessboard order”. When the outer frame is ready and the sheathing is welded, we weld the guide from the fitting kit to the frame from below along the entire length. It is advisable to fix them with clamps. The guide rail must also be welded in a “checkerboard pattern”, otherwise the gate frame and guide may “lead” from welding and it will resemble a propeller. After this, we clean the weld seams, prime and paint the damaged areas. Sliding gate frame before covering with corrugated sheets:
When the paint is completely dry, we move on to sewing the fabric. We attach the lining material to the internal frame (sheathing) using rivets or self-tapping screws. Sliding gate frame after covering with corrugated sheet:
Please note that this section of the sliding gate counterweight is level and not “lifted up” and this is correct.
Let's consider some of the features of large openings, more than 5 meters. The figure below shows a drawing of a sliding gate for an opening 6 m wide and 2 m high. Please note the design of the counterweight part here is not triangular, but in the form of a rectangle with two diagonals. In addition, with a large opening length of more than 5.5 m, the counterweight should be made at 45-50% of the opening.
Well, the time has come to install the gate. The entire process of installing sliding gates with your own hands is perfectly illustrated in this video.
To begin with, we place the carriages on the foundation and spread them as far as possible within the limits of our counterweight (triangle). See fig.
but we mean that the end roller has a size of about 110 mm, so we place the carriage closest to the opening from the opening, taking into account this distance, and we place the carriage farthest from the opening so that it does not knock out the plug when closed. The wider between the carriages the better, but without fanaticism.
After that, we “roll” our sliding gate frame onto the carriages, set the sliding gates to the level and “grab” the heels of the carriages to the channel by welding, if everything is good, then we scald the heels, if we don’t like something, we set it up again, we achieve the desired result (the position of the gate in level, absence of distortions, etc.) and then scald. Then we weld the upper support rollers, install the end roller, and weld the upper and lower catchers. The rolling roller must roll onto the lower catcher and unload the gate in the closed position.
If your poles are made of metal pipes or channels, then the catchers and upper limiter can be welded directly to the pole. If brick, concrete or stone pillars are used, they need to be attached to a profile pipe-plate (usually 60*30, which is attached to the pillar using mortgages, and in their absence, to dowels, anchors, fittings, etc.
Installation of the upper limiter (upper rollers)
:
If you have peaks or a semicircular arch of peaks on your gate, then a so-called portal is used - a U-shaped structure is welded near the pillar, allowing your peaks to pass through in height. The upper limiter is cut in two and welded to the portal so that the rollers “clasp” the gate on both sides. To do this, you need to provide a pipe (flat surface) along which the rollers of the upper limiter will roll. See pic:
Or using a remote pipe (60x40), if it is not possible to implement it as in the photo above, i.e. this way: More details.
Attaching catchers to the strip.
To mount the carriages, you can use a special accessory - adjustment platforms, with their help you can adjust the gate height and eliminate distortions, within some reasonable limits. And also to “get out of the situation” in case of any miscalculation. But if all the levels are set correctly and the foundation level is not “filled up,” then your gate will stand correctly and without any adjustments.
The supports are welded to the channel and the carriage is secured with nuts. Do-it-yourself sliding gates will cost you significantly less than ordering "turnkey" from companies. To do this you will need We are always ready to provide you with a wide selection of components for sliding gates and affordable prices. This material will certainly help you make your own sliding gates easily, quickly and without unnecessary overpayments! Assemble the sliding gates yourself - save your money.
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