On the newly created area of the house you can successfully place a winter garden, a kitchen, a spacious library, a living room, etc. There are plenty of options! They depend on the wishes of the owner and his needs. If you have determined what exactly you are missing in your home, you should take care of preparing the materials.
Usually, for the construction of an extension, materials are used that do not burden the building and have good thermal insulation characteristics. Basically, owners choose sandwich panels and high-quality timber. When it comes to building a winter garden, you need to understand that glass panels make the structure heavier and require a strong foundation.
Extensions to the house and their types
Today, an extension to a house can be done in various ways, but the most popular are:
- side with combined roof;
- side with its own roof;
- attic;
- extension for the second floor and above.
The first option is the most budget-friendly, since the existing roof is only extended to cover the extension area. The main building is completed on either side, then a doorway is made, and thus the living space is increased.
The second option is suitable in a situation where it is not possible to make a common roof. Material consumption and labor costs increase.
Subtleties of creating an extension to the house
- It is better to arrange heating in the extension using the type of “warm floors” or use electric heaters.
- Roofing - the ideal option is a similar type with the main roof, but with a smaller slope. For the veranda and winter garden it is worth installing a glass roof.
- The floor and terrace can be made from the same material and at the same level to create a consistent look.
- Slider doors are an option that is cheaper than the swing model. It gives a special charm to the room.
Interior design of the extension
The internal space of the extension depends on the layout of the room. In addition to functionality, it is necessary to take into account that the style orientation should be the same everywhere. Most owners decorate the new area in the same texture and color scheme as other rooms. However, experiments and unusual solutions are not excluded.
- In the extension you can organize a kitchen area with a dining room. Using light-colored materials, you can expand the space. If it is not possible to provide sufficient sunlight through windows, a glass ceiling should be constructed.
- In the large glazed veranda you can make a modern living room in country style. It is difficult to find a more rational solution than cladding buildings with wood and stone. These materials are considered the most suitable for country houses.
Exterior design of the extension - ideas
In private houses in the city, most of the extensions are located in the backyard, but there are also opportunities to organize an additional room that is visible to everyone. They are attached at the main entrance, and therefore the extension to the house is the main one.
For its construction, you can use similar materials used for the house and its cladding. Thus, a harmonious exterior is created, and the building itself looks like a single ensemble.
An extension, different in appearance from the house, can be made of glass. In this case, the stylish glazed veranda will be flooded with sunlight all day. An excellent solution would be an unusually shaped building designed as a garden or park.
Snow-white wide extension, made in the French style, can play the role of a spacious living room, and its roof - an open spacious area with an original fence.
On the spacious cemented area it is possible to equip a place for a barbecue, as well as a dining area.
If the extension of one of the walls is located next to a fence or house, it should be blank, and the rest of the surfaces should be made of glass from the floor under the floor or with a low stone or brick foundation. If you need to create an extension-veranda or living room, you can use frosted glass walls. Sliding door models would also be appropriate here.
If two walls of the extension are blank, and glass windows cannot be made on the roof, then at least one of the walls must be made of glass. This way you can provide natural light.
Extension to the house in the style of a winter garden assumes the presence of glass up to the roof. The most striking are Victorian extensions with light frames, sharp arches and Gothic glazing. They can serve as a dining room and an additional living room.
A summer terrace is usually built from a small amount of materials, Since it is often furnished in a rustic style. For the winter it can be covered with polycarbonate sheets.
Sometimes the extension may look like a separate building, but at the same time a corridor from the house stretches towards it. They are often positioned as a greenhouse, summer guest house or kitchen.
Extension to the house - learning style from the British (photo)
We hope you find the ideas interesting!
To live in a more spacious and comfortable house, you do not need to build a new one, just add an extension to the existing one. Of all construction technologies, the simplest and most accessible is frame construction. It is ideal not only for frames, but also for other buildings. It’s possible to make an extension to a frame house with your own hands if you have step-by-step instructions. To do this, it is enough to have minimal carpentry skills and the necessary tools.
Options for frame extensions to the house
To avoid having to change plans during the construction process, you must immediately decide what functions the frame extension to a wooden house or brick building will perform. Purposes of use may vary.
Another living room. Adding an additional room is not so easy. You need to do all the same steps as when building a full-fledged frame house: prepare the foundation, build the frame, insulate it. If this is not done, the use of the room will be ineffective, since heat loss will be large. It is also important to waterproof the property to prevent mold and dampness.
Additional bathroom or kitchen. Before you begin to build on this structure, you will need to install the appropriate utilities, and only then pour the foundation. All places where sewer and water pipes pass through the foundation must be insulated. And it’s better to do all this during construction, and not later.
Frame veranda. Today, frame houses with a veranda are very popular. They can be either open or enclosed with glass structures. Verandas are useful for relaxing in the summer. This extension is much simpler than a room, since it does not need to be insulated and there is no need to install communications there. To build a veranda, a deck is made, walls and a roof are erected. You should consider the dimensions of the structure so that a frame house with a terrace or veranda looks harmonious.
How to make a foundation
There are built-in and attached verandas.
- Built-in veranda is being built together with the house, so it is built on a common foundation.
- For an attached veranda they make separate foundation, maintaining a gap of 40 mm from the wall. If this is not taken into account, the new foundation will collapse when shrinking.
Selecting a base type
When planning the foundation, the seismicity of the soil, the total weight of the structure and other parameters are also taken into account. If mistakes are made at the planning stage, the extension may move away from the overall house.
To build a foundation, you can use the following materials:
- wooden, metal or concrete piles;
- concrete;
- stone;
- brick.
To build a frame extension to a house with your own hands, you can choose one of the following types of foundation:
- slab;
- tape;
- pile;
- columnar.
Usually used for verandas in private houses strip and column foundations.
Strip foundation
If the additional extension is heavy, you need to choose concrete. Do it as follows:
- The area where the trench will be dug is marked with twine, and it is secured in a taut position with pegs.
- They begin to dig a trench, cover its bottom with sand, then lay some crushed stone, which is compacted.
They make formwork whose height is equal to base height. Waterproofing is laid inside along the perimeter, and pre-prepared reinforcement is laid directly on the crushed stone. - Prepare a concrete solution using proportions of 1:3:6 for cement, sand and crushed stone, respectively.
- The resulting mixture fills a third of the formwork and waits for it to harden. Next, fill the remaining volume. To compact concrete, a vibrator is used to remove remaining air. You can also periodically hit the formwork with a hammer.
- To ensure that the upper part is level, it is poured level and then covered with film. The surface must be wetted periodically to avoid possible cracks.
If you build a frame extension to your house with your own hands as light veranda, you can save on the foundation and choose the columnar option. Not only concrete is suitable for it, but also brick, rubble stone or a combination of both.
The operating algorithm is as follows:
- They dig deep holes for the pillars, the distance between which is 60 cm. The shape of the holes is square, size - 50x50 cm.
- The bottom is covered with sand.
- A small layer of concrete is poured onto the sand and waited for it to set.
- Then brick pillars are erected. The masonry must be perfectly level, so it is checked by level.
- Concrete supports are made similarly to a strip foundation, but only in the form of pillars.
- When the structure has completely hardened, the formwork is dismantled and then waterproofing, for example, roofing felt.
- If there are any voids left in the holes, they are filled with crushed stone and soil, and compacted tightly.
The optimal height of the posts is considered to be one that provides a distance of 30 cm from the ground to the finished floor.
Which floor to choose for an extension
If the foundation is of a strip type, you can choose any floor (wooden, concrete) for the frame extension. If it is columnar, then it is only wooden.
Let's consider both cases:
- Concrete. After pouring the foundation, 30-35 cm of soil is selected inside the concrete rectangle. Next, sand is poured into this mini-pit, and crushed stone or expanded clay is poured on top. The thickness of the layer is 20 cm. A reinforced lattice is installed on top of this pillow and a full-fledged screed is poured. A completely flat surface is achieved, after which tiles, laminate or wood are laid on top.
- Wood. Install massive floor beams on top of the waterproofing, connecting them to the foundation with anchors or other fasteners. Next, logs are stuffed onto the beams, they are insulated, and the flooring is laid on top.
Construction of frame walls
Timber is used to construct the walls of a frame extension. Vertical posts and beams are made from it. First, the main frame of the walls is assembled in a horizontal position, and then it is erected vertically.
Installation rules:
- Determine the lower beams of the strapping and make a cut on them every 50 cm for vertical beams.
- Install the racks into the grooves and secure them with special screws and corners.
- Assemble the upper beams for strapping.
- They fasten the veranda together with the house using vertical beams.
- Anchor bolts are used to secure the veranda posts to the house.
- The resulting veranda frame is immediately sheathed on the outside with boards, plywood or OSB to increase the rigidity of the structure.
- Next, the frame is insulated, the roof is built and secured, and then doors and windows are installed.
Roof construction
The best option for a frame extension is pitched roof, it matches with any basic roof.
Mount it as follows:
- First, the rafters are secured on one side under the slope of the existing building, and on the other side - on the wall of the veranda. Metal corners with a pre-calculated angle of inclination are used as fastening.
- Make sure that the protrusion of the rafter legs beyond the wall is not less than 30 cm. Thanks to such a canopy, the veranda will be maximally protected from getting wet by sewage.
- The choice of roofing is made in advance. The best option would be the same material as for the roof of the house. Slate can be installed directly on the rafters or on the sheathing, and soft roofing can only be installed on OSB sheets or plywood.
- The rafter structure is sheathed with a layer of waterproofing, depending on the type of roofing.
- All roofing materials are installed from the bottom up.
- To insulate the roof, it is best to use mineral wool.
Insulation of an attached building
In order for a frame extension to a house to be suitable for habitation, it must be insulated. The best insulation is ordinary mineral wool. It can be cut into the required squares and laid between sections of the frame. If the wool is laid in several layers, you need to move the slabs together so that there are no joining seams.
The insulation is sheathed inside and outside with a vapor barrier film so that moisture does not collect inside and spoil the material. After this, decorative finishing is done. From the inside of the extension, the frame walls can be sheathed with wood, plasterboard, chipboard, and on the outside - with siding and other decorative materials.
In total, it looks like this:
- vapor barrier layer;
Floor insulation in a frame extension they do it in a similar way. Mineral wool is placed in the cracks between the subfloor joists, and the boards are covered with a layer of waterproofing film. Once the insulation is in place, the waterproofing is placed back on top of it, and then the floor is covered with plywood and the final covering is installed.
If you are planning to add an additional room to your house using frame technology, it is extremely important to follow all safety measures. This means that you should not save on personal protective equipment; it is better to purchase a high-quality tool that will not fail in a critical situation. Then the construction will be a successful event.
Video: construction stages
If the owner of a personal plot has decided that he needs an extension to a brick house, the first step is to decide on the purpose of this structure. If it will be used for recreation, it can be built in the format of a gazebo or terrace. If necessary, the veranda can be insulated and turned into a closed terrace, which will serve as a vestibule between the land plot and the entrance to the house. This will prevent cold air from entering the living space. For those who live in a house during the autumn-winter period, an insulated extension will be an ideal option.
The extension can serve as a porch, terrace, as well as a kind of vestibule for a brick house. Before starting construction, the extension to the house must be designed and approved by the relevant organization. Most often, the veranda is built on the side of the front door. If it is not combined with the entrance to the house, then you will have to enter it from the street. The dimensions of the structure are selected depending on the number of people living in the house. For a small family, an area of 12 sq.m. is enough. When designing, it is necessary to take into account the general style of the house and the site. Before making an extension to a brick house, you need to complete some formalities. Once the design has been thought out, you should contact the building design department. Here you can order a finished project, with which you will go to the city architectural bureau to obtain permission to redevelop the house. Let's take a closer look at how to make an extension to your house with your own hands.
The first step is to mark the area and begin building the foundation.
It is quite possible to make an extension to a brick house correctly with your own hands. You need to start by marking the territory. To do this, remove the fertile layer of soil, which will later be used to form flower beds and flower beds. The territory is leveled and marked.
The boundaries of the extension are designated according to the project. At the corners of the veranda under construction, pegs are driven in with a nylon cord stretched between them. Any building requires a reliable foundation, for which you can choose a columnar or strip foundation. It is not recommended to combine the foundation for an extension with the base of the house, since these structures have different degrees of shrinkage.
A distance of 4-5 cm must be left between the base of the house and the extension. When constructing the base, the planned mass of the structure and soil characteristics should be taken into account. When building on heaving soils, the foundation may shift, which leads to the separation of the veranda from the walls of the house. Lightweight foundations cannot support the weight of brick walls, so it is not recommended to build a brick extension on their basis. It is best to choose a strip foundation for an extension.
Before pouring concrete for the foundation, a trench is dug, the dimensions of which depend on the parameters of the veranda being built. A wooden formwork of the appropriate design, which is made from boards nailed together, is placed in the pit. Concrete is prepared from 3 parts sand, 1 part cement, 6 parts crushed stone. The foundation for the extension is poured in layers, the first layer is reinforced with large stones. The top layer is smoothed with a trowel and left until completely hardened.
At high air temperatures, the foundation for the extension is periodically moistened with water, this will help avoid the appearance of cracks.
A frame extension to a brick house can be installed on a columnar base. In order to avoid deformation of the building under the influence of soil heaving, foundation supports are laid at a depth below the frost line.
When building a brick extension, support pillars are dug in not only at the corners, but also along the perimeter of the structure in increments of 50 cm.
Building the walls of the extension
In construction you will need the following materials and tools:
- brick;
- cement;
- sand;
- crushed stone;
- fittings;
- shovel;
- container for preparing the solution;
- Master OK;
- wooden beams;
- thermal insulation material;
- roofing material.
If you want to quickly build a veranda, you can opt for a frame structure. It is assembled according to the principle of a designer and consists of a wooden frame and ready-made panels with windows and doorways. Finishing work can be carried out immediately after construction. If necessary, the extension can be redone. Now let's look at how to properly make an extension to a brick building.
A brick extension to a house is more difficult to construct, but you can still build it with your own hands. Before starting construction of walls, you need to check the evenness of the foundation surface. If it is uneven, the brickwork may collapse during shrinkage. The attachment of the extension to the brick wall of the building is carried out using holes that are made every 3 brick rows. They contain reinforcement. When building a brick extension to a house, the reinforcement will remain in the masonry joints. To ensure that the distance between the bricks is not too large, the reinforcing bars should not have a diameter that is too large.
Before forming the brickwork, a rope is pulled along the wall, with which the horizontality of the rows will be checked. The thickness of the wall depends on the purpose of the brick extension. If the veranda is residential, the wall is laid out 2 bricks thick. For utility rooms, brickwork can be done in 1 row. After the walls are built, their upper parts are reinforced with a concrete belt. To do this, formwork is made, into which a reinforcement frame is laid and concrete is poured. After the concrete has hardened, construction of the floors begins. A garage is attached to the house using the same technology; its dimensions depend on the dimensions of the vehicles. A wooden extension is a more economical option for arranging a veranda.
//www.youtube.com/watch?v=aiKvobQgVG8
How to make an extension roof
At the final stages, the ceiling is built; wooden beams are used for this. They are installed on the upper parts of the walls in increments of 70 cm. The structural elements are fixed with construction corners.
beams can be combined with a concrete belt, having waterproofed each element in advance. Thick plywood or wooden boards are placed on top of the beams, which are then insulated. An extension to a house can have any roof shape. Most often, single-pitch options are made, consisting of rafters. A mark is made on the wall in the form of a straight line along which the bars supporting the rafters will be fixed. The rafters are supported by floor beams or the tops of walls. The rafters should protrude 30 cm from the walls to protect them from rain and melt water. The roof elements are fixed using metal corners.
As a conclusion
The quality of the extension depends on the chosen project and materials. An extension to a wooden house or brick cottage can be made of prefabricated panels, wood or brick. Anyone with minimal knowledge in the field of construction can build it with their own hands. The foundation for the extension can be strip or columnar.
//www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Ip8Qtea7D4
Any of these bases requires high-quality waterproofing.
If your home plan does not include an additional room, garage or other space that you need, you need a frame extension. The easiest way is to make an extension to a wooden house. You don’t have to hire specialists, because if you have at least some construction experience, you can do all the work yourself.
What is it for?
Extensions are necessary when, while planning your home, you overlooked the need for any premises, or you did not have enough finances to build additional rooms, a garage or a bathhouse. When you need an extension:
- Do you want to expand the area of your home with your own hands? You can complete a frame house as much as you like.
- You need a garage, but don't want to make it separate.
- You have long dreamed of a bright veranda or a summer dining place.
- A small bathhouse attached to a wooden house never hurts
- Do you want to have a utility room to store various things?
Once you have decided what exactly you will build, you must determine the following points:
- Do you need an additional foundation for a new wooden room?
- what kind of roof will be on your extension
- will it have windows or additional doors
- Do you need a supply of water, light and other communications to the wooden outbuilding?
- how and with what will you carry out the insulation?
- you will build with your own hands or invite specialists
Technology and step-by-step instructions
As the name implies, the basis of this structure is the frame. However, even before installing the frame, you may need a foundation. It can be a lightweight, columnar or strip foundation. Considering the moment of some shrinkage, it is better not to make fastenings with the foundation of the house already installed. Most often, a strip foundation is chosen. Its essence is simple: a trench is dug in which the formwork is installed. A concrete solution is poured, consisting of 1 part cement, 3 parts sand and 5 parts granite crushed stone. After the foundation hardens, the formwork is removed.
If construction takes place on unstable (for example, clay or loose) soils, it is necessary to allow some time for the foundation to settle.
The second stage of building an extension to a frame house is installing the frame. Its basis is wooden beams treated with protection. The wood must be treated with bioprotection against insects and fire protection, which prevents the wooden structure from burning.
- external finishing
- OSB sheathing (DSP, SML)
- windproof membrane
- insulation
- vapor barrier
- OSB interior cladding
- interior decoration
Most likely, you will use 15 cm thick material for insulation. These are average values for our region. Based on this, you will need lumber from the 150 line. The pitch of the frame posts will be 59 cm, where 60 cm sheets of thermal insulation material will fit perfectly.
Insulation of a new room
Insulation of a frame extension to a wooden house can be done in various ways. The most commonly used insulation materials are:
- foam sheets
- mineral wool
- liquid insulation
- isover, ursa
- mineral basalt types of insulation
The insulation of an extension is generally similar to the insulation of any frame house, but it also has its own characteristics. Since in places where new frame walls are attached to existing walls, hard-to-reach places for insulation often arise. As a result, cold paths appear there, nullifying all work on the general heating of the frame extension. To insulate such joints, you can use:
- liquid insulation in the form of hardening foam
Jute is an excellent insulation material that needs to be caulked in the corners.
Be careful: if there is felt in the jute, moths may develop over time and eat this material. Choose jute that contains only plant materials - hemp or flax fibers.
Before laying jute, study the technology and be sure to use personal protection, at least closed clothing and gloves.
Liquid insulation is good because it is extremely easy to apply with a spray can into the most inaccessible places. The synthetic composition does not attract insects, its service life is several decades. Liquid insulation is attached to almost any surface and hardens very quickly.
Important: liquid insulation materials do not like ultraviolet radiation, under the influence of which they can change their structure and color. Do not work with this material in direct sunlight.
If you are insulating with mineral wool, it is better to overlap it. This way we will avoid cracks that allow cold to pass through. The insulation for a frame extension must be well fixed; for this, staples or glue are used.
If you decide to insulate a frame extension using foam sheets, then they are placed close to each other, fixed, and the joints are foamed. It is better not to use foam sheets for internal insulation, since the smell of construction chemicals may be present in the house for some time.
If you decide to add a bathhouse
With the addition of a bathhouse, everything is much more complicated than with an ordinary extension. The reason for this is the need to supply all communications. And if, as a rule, there are no difficulties with the light, then difficulties may arise with the drainage system and the supply of water to the bathhouse.
What to pay attention to:
- All materials for adding a bathhouse must be labeled “for rooms with high humidity.” All wooden elements must be processed with high quality.
- Water can come from inside the house (this often requires raising the floor or otherwise accessing laid pipes) or it can come from a separate water source - a well or borehole. Often the second method is simpler and cheaper.
- Wood for a bathhouse should not release resin when heated, so we do not use coniferous wood.
Otherwise, the extension bathhouse differs little from a regular bathhouse, the construction of which can be read here.
Roof for a new premises
There are two ways to install the roof of a frame extension with your own hands. The first method is to build a new building under the common roof of the house, and the second is to build a separate small roof (usually a pitched roof).
You can use any roofing material, but by far the most common is regular 8-wave slate. Its length is 175 cm and it is laid with an overlap. You can calculate the amount of roofing material if you know the area of the future roof and the size of the overlap (it should be at least 5 cm, and preferably 10).
To protect the area where the new roof meets the house, a galvanized iron flashing should be installed. The iron sheet is bent at an angle that depends on the angle of the roof. The galvanized iron sheet should not be less than 30 cm in width.
One part of such an apron must be attached under the roof overhang, and the second must be attached directly to the slate of the extension to the house.
Important: Use only 100-120 mm slate nails, the ends of which are not bent, otherwise the slate will crack from temperature changes. We leave them as is or cut them with a grinder.
In addition to slate, you can use other roofing materials.
New room - new floor
After the roof is done, it's time to think in the field. We can also make it ourselves. In short, the construction of the floor is done in several stages:
- subfloor
- finished floor
The subfloor is arranged like this. A cranial block (5X5 cm or slightly less) is attached to the sides of the genital joists. Edged boards are laid on the block, the thickness of which should be 2-2.5 cm. The following layers: glassine, insulation, glassine again. The subfloor is a supporting frame for the finished floor, and also creates an air cushion for even greater insulation. After this, we begin laying the finished floor.
The finished floor can be of the following types:
- wood
- concrete
If you decide to go with wood, use a milled board. Very convenient are those that are connected by tenons in grooves. Dimensions can be as follows: 28-44x98-145mm. On the back side they have vents that provide ventilation and air circulation. The size of the vent is about 20 mm.
You can also use for a wooden floor: tongue-and-groove boards, which are sold with tongue-and-groove slats and tenons of various shapes (straight, segmented and trapezoidal).
Important: if you use a board to create a floor, the installation is carried out taking into account the annual rings on the wood. They must look in different directions!
After the finished floor, you can do the finishing.
Concrete floors are easier to make. After a layer of insulation and insulation, a concrete screed is applied. Finishing can be placed on top of the screed. You can make a screed with your own hands if you know the technology. However, the concrete floor has one drawback - it is cold. Therefore, it is worth thinking about a “warm floors” system in the extension if it will be a living space.
Ready-made tubes fixed to grid cells - a good move
Warm floors are done like this:
- First, a concrete base or screed is laid.
- A layer of thermal insulation (20-100 mm) is placed.
- Reinforcing layer
- The pipes of the water heating system are being laid. For fixation, they are secured with clamps to the cells of the reinforcing mesh. The pipe laying step should not exceed 3 cm.
- The next layer is the underlayment for the flooring.
- At the last stage we install the floor covering. It can be parquet, laminate, tiles, linoleum and others.
In addition to a water-heated house, you can make an electric one, which is even simpler.
When the floor is ready, we install doors and windows. They are attached using self-tapping screws, spacers, nails and wedges. Installation is done by level.
You can read about wiring electricity to a new room. Wiring can be carried out either from outside the house or through a common wall with an extension.
Internal insulation
The walls of the extension must be insulated not only outside, but also inside. For this, a superdiffusion membrane, foil materials and insulation are used.
The superdiffusion membrane is a modern insulating “breathing” product. Sometimes, in order to save money, plastic film is used instead, but this material collects moisture, as a result of which mold spreads along the walls of the house.
Foil materials are applied to the wall with an overlapping aluminum surface and secured with conventional slats.
When choosing insulation, it is best to choose mineral wool or ecowool. They are functional, inexpensive and durable.
A layer of insulation covers a vapor barrier, which is covered with sheets of OSB, chipboard, plywood, lining, DSP, etc.
Next comes the interior finishing of the room. For an extension, you can use not a wooden beam, but also a metal profile. Exterior decoration can be different - you can select options and see pictures and videos.
Some time after the construction of a house, there is often a need to expand the usable area. The only way out of this situation is to build an extension to a wooden house. With proper design of the structure and selection of appropriate materials, this activity can be completed independently.
What do you need to know?
The construction of any object requires the creation of a project that is based on calculations. The construction of an extension to a wooden house is no exception. In this case, a design solution should be provided that would eliminate the occurrence of cracks. When choosing the architectural form of the extension, we must not forget about the need to create a complex that is uniform in style.
In addition, it should be understood that the construction of the extension must be approved by the relevant organization and have all the necessary accompanying documentation. Otherwise, the constructed facility will be considered an unauthorized construction and in the future the developer will have to resolve the issue of legalizing it.
Types of extensions
Before starting the construction of an extension to a wooden house, you should study possible design options and technological features of their construction. After analyzing the information, the choice of materials and work technology is greatly simplified. This approach will allow the extension to be harmoniously connected to the existing building.
Canopy. This is the simplest extension design. It is necessary to protect the porch and people from sunlight and bad weather. In addition, under the canopy you can spend leisure time and receive guests.
The construction of a canopy does not necessarily require the construction of a strong foundation. Installing pillars that act as supports can provide a fairly solid foundation. A frame is mounted to them, and the surface of the walls is designed depending on the taste preferences of the developer.
A wooden house may need an extension
Summer room. It is often built out of an extension. The room is intended for relaxation and serves as a place for friendly feasts. As the foundation of such an extension, a strip or column foundation is constructed. The material used for the walls of the frame structure is plywood, boards or brick.
In order to create better illumination, the walls are made partially glazed. The roof of a summer room can have one or two slopes, and it is undesirable to make its structure heavier. Insulating or creating a heating system in such a room is impractical.
Living room. The construction of a full-fledged living room implies a full construction cycle. When constructing the foundation, a block or monolithic structure is used. Brick, foam blocks or timber are used to build walls. When building a roof, a layer of waterproofing is required. The entire structure of the structure must also be properly insulated.
Kitchen. Arranging an extension indoors is quite a complex undertaking. This is due to the fact that in addition to the construction of a capital structure, all communications are required, including sewerage and ventilation.
Garage. This structure is built on a surface on which walls made of bricks or blocks are located. A reliable roof is also constructed from slate, metal tiles or corrugated sheets. In addition, the room must be well ventilated.
Porch. Often, when constructing various structures of extensions, it is necessary to build a porch. The material can be concrete, timber or metal. If the porch is of significant height or has a turn, railings must be installed.
Installation features
The construction of an extension to a wooden house largely depends on how the room is intended to be used and whether it will be residential. If capital construction is necessary, it is necessary to build a reliable foundation, separate from the base of the main building and the wall. It is also necessary to lay communications.
The main problem with building an extension is connecting it to the house. If there are omissions at this stage, then the formation of cracks in the structural elements of the structure is inevitable.
There are the following methods of connecting structures:
- Construction of an independent building. The method is used in the case of construction on moving soil. The base is arranged closed around the perimeter, having no points of contact with the main foundation. The gaps between the surfaces of the walls of buildings are provided with reliable hydro- and thermal insulation. The roof is constructed using a similar technology.
- Integration of the extension into the main structure. Carrying out work using this method is associated with certain difficulties. To connect structures, anchors or pieces of reinforcing steel are installed in the foundation of the house. Then, using welding, a connection is made to the frame of the base of the attached structure. At the end of this event, they begin to pour the monolithic type foundation. Connecting the walls of two structures becomes possible by partially dismantling the frame of the house. To integrate the roof structures, the rafter system of the house is dismantled and connected to the extension. Moreover, the fastening occurs both to the rafters and to the beams of the main building. After this, the roof covering is laid so that it represents a single surface.
When building a foundation for an extension, it is necessary to take into account the type of foundation under the house. This is due to the fact that different types of foundations on the same soil give different shrinkage. To prevent this phenomenon, identical base designs should be used.
Construction of an extension Calculation and purchase of materials
At the design stage of an extension to a wooden house, the purpose of the object, its number of storeys and design features are taken into account. This allows you to make the optimal choice of material and draw up a construction estimate.
The following materials can be used for its construction.
timber
Using timber to build an extension to a wooden house is the best option. Moreover, the timber can be of any kind: glued, rounded or planed. Standardized material dimensions greatly simplify installation.
As a rule, timber is produced by specialized enterprises, each product has strictly defined dimensions, and the quality of the wood meets the standards. In the factory, the material goes through all the necessary stages of protective treatment, which increases the service life of the wood. If necessary, the finished product undergoes heat treatment to give the wood a certain shade. Natural wood is an environmentally friendly material, which has a beneficial effect on the health of people living in the house.
In addition to the described qualities, the versatility of the timber should be noted, since it can be used to create an extension not only to a wooden house.
If the cost of timber exceeds the construction estimate, then you should pay attention to other materials.
The most difficult thing is to connect the extension to the house Frame extension
A good option from an economic point of view is the construction of a frame structure for the extension. It is characterized by the ability to carry out work on the existing foundation, which significantly reduces construction time.
The technology for constructing an extension involves the construction of a metal frame or wooden structure. To create the surface of the walls, the frame is sheathed on both sides using chipboard or OSB boards. Between them is placed a layer of thermal insulation made of available heat-insulating material. There must be vapor and moisture insulation on top of the insulation.
The frame structure of an extension to a wooden house is easy to install and is available for self-assembly.
Brick
When using brickwork when constructing the walls of an extension to a wooden house, you can get a permanent structure. The material has good thermal insulation properties, so the extension can have both economic and residential purposes.
To maintain the integrity of the architectural style, it is recommended to move the brick extension out of sight. However, its location on the rear side of the building is not excluded. Brickwork has a significant mass, so a reliable foundation is built that can withstand the loads from the walls.
The cost of construction in this case increases not only due to the increase in the price of materials and additional costs for constructing the foundation, but also due to the costs of finishing work.
Main stages of construction
Foundation installation
The base for an extension to a wooden house is selected depending on the design features of the structure. If you plan to create a residential building, then construction is mandatory. At the same time, its depth should be the same as that of the main building. Reliable connection of two structures occurs due to reinforcement.
The progress of work on the construction of the foundation occurs in the following order:
- carry out marking;
- dig a pit or trench of appropriate depth;
- formwork is installed;
- produce a bundle of reinforcement cage;
- pour .
At this stage, protection from moisture should be performed.
Light extension on a columnar foundation Wall installation
The construction of the walls of an extension is no different from the technology of constructing a house from timber or other lumber. In this case, the resulting expansion joint must be sealed using polyurethane foam.
When using the same materials to build an extension and a house, the walls are connected using different fasteners. Dowels are made in the timber. Screws and plates are used, as well as staples to fix the walls.
Roof installation
In cases where the height of the extension is less than the height of the wooden house, the roof is made with a significant slope. This will allow precipitation to be removed without hindrance. In this case, the connection of both roof structures is not necessary.
When constructing a two-story warm extension, it is recommended to connect the roofs of the structures. For this purpose, the roof of the main house is partially dismantled and the ceilings are tied together with metal corners. After that, waterproofing is installed and the roof is laid. A unified drainage system must be organized.
It is better to make the roof from the same material as the main building How to cut costs?
You can reduce the cost of building an extension to a wooden house if you take into account the following recommendations:
- the cost of timber is lower if purchased in winter;
- independent construction of the foundation will allow you to achieve savings of about 20%;
- use available materials;
- use the frame construction method.