All kids like to read Tolstoy's bedtime stories. It is at this time, before going to bed, that children want something kind and fabulous, to find themselves in a completely different world, where magic and celebration reign. Children need fairy tales. These are their small steps into adulthood, which vivid stories really help to learn. In addition, it is in this form that children are best taught morality, life principles and goodness. This is a very important process in the formation of their personality. Therefore, the presence of fairy tales in childhood is simply necessary.
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We offer you Tolstoy's fairy tales, which are great for reading to children at night, or in other free time. Leo Tolstoy made a huge contribution to children's literature, writing such original masterpieces. This writer tried very hard to make the stories so fascinating and informative that the children were not only interested, but also had pleasant impressions after reading.
Plunging into a serene world, without unsolvable problems, will be interesting not only for young readers, but also for adults along with them. Fairy tales for Tolstoy's children are filled with instructive stories, exciting plots, funny but illustrative characters, as well as bright representatives of good and evil. The writer tried very hard to fit everything beautiful into these small works that show the reality of that time, but in a fabulous form and with a ray of hope.
Among the huge list of beautiful works there is also the famous "Golden Key" - everyone's favorite fairy tale, which can not leave anyone indifferent. The difficult adventures of Pinocchio and his circumstances make you deeply empathize with the hero in your imagination. The help of his faithful friends and a happy ending show the victory of good. This tale remains in the priority of the most impressive.
Also on the list are "Magpie Tales", which consist of many small and long stories about various animals, people, good, evil, victories and defeats. They are filled with instructive meaning and will be very interesting for children. There are many other equally interesting tales of Tolstoy, which you can read on our website.
You can choose for your child any suitable work of this author that he likes, and go with him to a world filled with goodness and wonder.
You can find fairy tales for every taste and with any plot in this section of our website andis freeread them to your child at any time. Hopefully reading fairy talesonlinewill bring you and children only pleasure.
M, "Children's Literature", 1989
Audio tales of Leo Tolstoy are understandable to young children, we also recommend listening to audio tales of Leo Tolstoy for schoolchildren and adults. The audio book "Tales of Leo Tolstoy" contains reference material for all audio tales and an extensive biography of the author, created on the materials of the SES; DE, volume 11; SS L. N. Tolstoy; Volume 7 "Fairy tales of the peoples of the world.
Great connoisseur of folk life and human soul Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy at different periods of his long life turned to writing fairy tales. At first he wrote them for the ABC and Russian Books for Reading. The books were intended for schools. Many audio tales are taken from the folklore of different peoples and retold by the writer, but there are also Leo Tolstoy's own tales. In all audio tales, Tolstoy is constantly a strict moralist. Such is the audio fairy tale "Two Brothers". One of them, the smaller one, believed in his happiness and obtained it with courage: he entered the forest, swam across the river, saw a sleeping bear, took away her cubs, ran up the mountain with them - then the people came out to meet him and made him king. And the younger brother reigned for five whole years, until another king came, stronger, and, having conquered the city, drove the younger brother away. And the older brother lived his life neither richly nor poorly. The elder said to the younger when they met: "So my truth came out: I lived quietly and well all the time, and although you were a king, you saw a lot of grief." To this, the younger brother replied: "I do not grieve that I went then to the forest to the mountain, although I feel bad now, but there is something to remember my life, and you have nothing to remember." Audio fairy tale is like a parable. She has her own morality, her own conclusion, made by the writer in favor of a life full of excitement and struggle for happiness.
Leo Tolstoy really liked the form of a small fairy tale of a fabled, parable nature. Yes, and in folklore there is no fundamental difference between a fairy tale and a fable: a fable is an abbreviated fairy tale. In the form of the very presentation of the life content, the writer followed folk art.
Tolstoy also has more complex audio tales, in our audio book, with a detailed plot - including "The Tale of Ivan the Fool and His Two Brothers: Semyon the Warrior and Taras the Belly, and the Silent Sister Malanya, and the Old Devil and three little devils." Leo Tolstoy told the story of three kingdoms: a military power, an empire rich in gold, and a utopian kingdom of imaginary fools. Fools have one order: only those who have corns on their hands eat, and those who do not have leftovers. And it turned out that the kingdom of Semyon the Warrior was ruined, the empire of Taras-Bryukhan perished, and the kingdom of Ivan the Fool survived. Leo Tolstoy taught that labor is the only true means of life, that a society of “working for themselves will survive in all trials. According to Leo Tolstoy, the life of a “simple working people” is only real life. Tolstoy appealed to people’s conscience, urged everyone to take up the arrangement of such a life. Likes and dislikes were expressed by the author quite definitely. He treated with hostility all those who lived on the labor of others. Ivan was king, and then took off his royal dress - gave it to his wife to hide in a chest, put on a simple shirt and set to work. They told him: "Why, you are the king!" - "Well, - he answered, - and the king needs to live." In each fairy tale, Leo Tolstoy defended the human rights of the oppressed people, criticized social injustice, false laws and orders.
In our audiobook you will find the following fairy tales by Leo Tolstoy: "The Lion and the Mouse", "The Man and the Cucumbers", "The Wolf and the Old Woman", "The Learned Son", "Two Merchants", "Fool" (audio fairy tale in verse), " Shat and Don", "Sudoma", "Golden-Haired Princess", "Heron, Fish and Cancer", "Hedgehog and Hare", "Uzh", "Tsar and Falcon", "Two Comrades", "Lion, Wolf and Fox" , "Raven and Crows", "Fox", "Severe Punishment", "Dog and Wolf", "Cat and Mice", "Wolf and Goat", "Three Bears", "Righteous Judge", "Two Brothers", " Lipunyushka", "Award", "The Tsar and the Shirt", "The Tale of Ivan the Fool and His Two Brothers...", "Worker Yemelyan and an Empty Drum", "Grain with egg"," Cow and goat", "Crow and fox", "Vizier Abdul", "Fox and goat", "Wolf in the dust", "Two shares", "Wise answers". To listen to the selected audio fairy tale or download it for free, click on the links Useful and pleasant listening to you!
Audio fairy tales by Leo Tolstoy. The great connoisseur of folk life and the human soul, Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, at different periods of his long life, turned to writing fairy tales. In all fairy tales, Tolstoy is constantly a strict moralist. Leo Tolstoy really liked the form of a small fairy tale of a fabled, parable nature. The author has...
An audio tale about how a small mouse was useful to a big lion. From "The First Russian Book for Reading" Source - Aesop's fable. To listen online or download the audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Lion and the Mouse", click on the links.
An audio tale about an unlucky man and about the fact that stealing is bad in any case. From "The First Russian Book for Reading". The story is based on a fabulous folklore plot of different peoples of the world. To listen online or free download the audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Man and the Cucumbers", click on the links.
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Wolf and the Old Woman" about how the wolf did not understand the lamentations of the old woman and did not touch people. From "The First Russian Book for Reading". A free translation of Aesop's fable. It will be interesting for all listeners to listen to the audio fairy tale by L. N. Tolstoy "The Wolf and the Old Woman".
An audio tale about how a rake taught a lesson to an arrogant lazy person. From "The First Russian Book for Reading". Source - text from the collection of A.N. Afanasyev "Folk Russian fairy tales". We offer together with the children to listen online or download the audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Learned Son".
An audio tale in verse about a stupid guy who spoke out of tune. From "The First Russian Book for Reading" Source - Kirsha Danilov's collection "Ancient Russian Poems". Tolstoy significantly reworked the folk record. It will be fun and interesting to listen online or download the audio tale of Leo Tolstoy "Fool".
An audio tale about which path is more successful - straight or winding. From The Second Russian Book for Reading. Recorded and edited by L. N. Tolstoy. We offer you to listen online and download educational and cognitive audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Shat and Don".
Audio fairy tale by L. N. Tolstoy "Sudoma" about how a dishonest man deceived Mount Sudoma and she stopped judging people. From The Second Russian Book for Reading. Source - text from P. Perevlessky's book "Practical Russian Grammar", the magazine "Moskvityanin" for 1851. Tolstoy shortened and revised the text. We invite you to listen online...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Golden-Haired Princess" about how the Japanese began to breed a silkworm. From The Second Russian Book for Reading. The source is a Japanese legend from F. Chizhov's book "Letters on Sericulture" (St. Petersburg, 1853), substantially revised by L. Tolstoy. To listen online or download the audio tale of L. N. Tolstoy...
Audio fairy tale by L. N. Tolstoy "Heron, fish and cancer" about the insidious heron and the savvy cancer. From The Second Russian Book for Reading. Revised and modified text from a collection of Indian tales and fables. We offer you to listen online and download the audio tale of Leo Tolstoy "Heron, fish and cancer".
The audio fairy tale by L. N. Tolstoy "The Hedgehog and the Hare" in the modern press is taken from the "Second Russian Book for Reading". A free translation and adaptation of a fairy tale from the collection of the Brothers Grimm about how a hedgehog and a hare ran in a race. This is a world famous story. The audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Hedgehog and the Hare" can be listened to online for children from three years old and younger students.
Magic audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Uzh". A very sad tale about transformations, of course, about good and evil. From The Second Russian Book for Reading. A well-known story in the folklore of many peoples. The audio fairy tale by L. N. Tolstoy "Uh" is good for children from 6 years old to listen to at night.
The audio tale of Leo Tolstoy "The Tsar and the Falcon" is a fable about how the falcon saved the tsar's life, but the tsar was quick to punish ... In our audio book "Tales of Leo Tolstoy" the tale "The Tsar and the Falcon" is taken from the books to read." Reworked text from an Indian collection of tales and fables. To listen online or download the audio fairy tale "King ...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Two comrades". The moral of this audio fairy tale was "prompted" into the ear of a bear who found himself in a difficult situation: "Bad people are those who run away from their comrades in danger." The audio fairy tale by L. N. Tolstoy "Two Comrades" is taken from the "Fourth Russian Book for Reading". A free translation of Aesop's fable. Healthy...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Lion, wolf and fox" about how the fox taught the slanderous wolf a lesson. The moral of the audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Lion, the Wolf and the Fox": "... gentlemen should not be directed at evil, but at good." In our audio book "Tales of Leo Tolstoy" 5 volumes of "Tales of the peoples of the world". For the first time, the tale "The Lion, the Wolf and the Fox" was published in the "Fourth...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Raven and the Crows" about how the raven tested the crows for lies and truth. From "The Fourth Russian Fairy Tale for Reading". The Lithuanian origin of the fairy tale "The Raven and the Crows" is supposed. It is useful to listen online or download the audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Raven and the Crows" for adults and children.
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Fox" about the failed cunning of the bobcat fox. From The Third Russian Book for Reading. A free translation of Leo Tolstoy's Aesop's fable. We bring to your attention to listen online or download the audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Fox".
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Severe Punishment" about the proportionality of guilt and punishment and the wisdom of the king. From The Third Russian Book for Reading. Free and modified translation of a Turkish fairy tale from the collection "Moral in deeds, or Selected memorable cases" (Paris 1845). We offer you to listen online or download the audio of Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "Strict ...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Dog and the Wolf" about cunning and stupidity. From The Third Russian Book for Reading. Altered text of Aesop's fable. We offer you to listen online and download the audio of Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "The Dog and the Wolf".
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Cat and the Mice" about how the mice did not believe the cat. From The Third Russian Book for Reading. Aesop's fable retold by the writer. We invite you to listen online or download a funny audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Cat and the Mice".
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Wolf and the Goat". A quick-witted goat: "That's not why you, wolf, are calling me down - you're not about mine, you're fussing about your food." From The Third Russian Book for Reading. Aesop's fable retold by the writer. We bring to your attention to listen online or download the wise audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Wolf and the Goat".
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Three Bears". A well-known children's fairy tale from the "New ABC". Recycling from French fairy tales "Girl - Golden Curls, or Three Bears". We offer you to listen online or download audio of Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "Three Bears" to listen to audio fairy tales for young children at night.
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Righteous Judge" about a virtuous judge - a man in his place. From The Third Russian Book for Reading. An account of an oriental tale. We invite you to listen online or download the audio of Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "The Righteous Judge" - an example of wisdom and a happy person.
Audio fairy tale by Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy "Two brothers" about two brothers, of which the youngest believed in his happiness and got it with courage, and the eldest lived his whole life neither richly nor poorly. Audio fairy tale is like a parable. She has her own morality, her own conclusion, made by the writer in favor of a life full of excitement and struggle for happiness. From "The Second Russian Book for...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "Reward" about how a peasant outwitted a courtier, and the king punished him rightly. From the New Alphabet. An anecdotal tale revised by the writer from I. Paulson's "Book for Reading" (M, 1870) and A.N. Afanasyev's collection "Russian Folk Tales". To listen online or download the audio tale of Leo Tolstoy...
Audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Tsar and the Shirt", the moral of which is that happiness does not depend on wealth. From "The Fourth Russian Fairy Tale for Reading". Source - Arabic tale. We bring to your attention to listen online and download the wise and relevant today audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy "The Tsar and the Shirt".
How the tsar fell in love with the wife of the worker Yemelyan and tried to exterminate him. The tale was written in 1886 on the basis of folk tales. Due to censorship interference, it was first published in Geneva in 1891 and with alterations in 1892 in Moscow in the collection Help for the Starving.
An audio tale about what prolongs our life and what shortens our life was written in 1886 on the basis of a legend recorded in the Arkhangelsk province (from the preface to A.N. Afanasyev's collection "Russian Folk Legends").
An audio tale about how mice ate a hundred pounds of iron, and the kite took the boy away, and then everything fell into place. From "The First Russian Book for Reading". Modified text from a book published in Paris in 1839 - "Indian Tales and Fables of Bidpai".
Audio fairy tale by Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy "Lipunyushka" about a little cunning, the son of two old men Lipunyushka; who helped his father in the field and did not want to live with the master; who wanted to keep Lipunyushka at home as a curiosity. We offer you to listen online or download the audio of Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "Lipunyushka" for children from three years old.
"The Cow and the Goat" - an audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy from the "Fourth Russian Book for Reading". The subtitle is "Fairy Tale". The likely source is an Indian tale from a book published in Paris in 1839 - "Indian Tales and Fables of Bidpai" ("Contes et fables indiennes de Bidpai"). "The old woman had a cow and a goat. The cow and the goat went to...
"The Raven and the Fox" - an audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy from the "Fourth Russian Book for Reading". Reworked text of Aesop's fable. "The raven got a piece of meat and sat on a tree. The fox wanted meat, she came up and said: - Eh, raven, when I look at you, - according to your height and beauty, if only you were a king! And he would surely be a king if you...
"Vizir Abdul" - an audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy from the "First Russian Book for Reading". Initially, L. N. Tolstoy intended to unfold the action of the tale at the court of the French king, but later remade the text in an oriental way. "The Persian king had a truthful vizier Abdul. Once he went to the king through the city. And people gathered in the city ...
"The Fox and the Goat" - an audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy from the "Second Russian Book for Reading". A heavily modified Aesop's fable. “The goat wanted to get drunk: he climbed down the steep slope to the well, got drunk and became heavy. He began to get back and could not. And he began to roar. ...
"The Wolf in the Dust" - an audio fairy tale by Leo Tolstoy from the "Second Russian Book for Reading". Leo Tolstoy indicated the "Indian" source of the text. "The wolf wanted to catch a sheep from the herd and went under the wind so that the dust from the herd would be carried on him. The sheepdog saw him and said: - In vain you, wolf, walk in the dust, your eyes will hurt. / And the wolf says: - That's it. ...
Russian folk magic audio fairy tale "Two Shares" shows how bad it is to be an envious person. "... The brothers decided to marry: the elder took the poor, the younger - the rich ... So their wives began to quarrel among themselves ... - I'm married to my older brother, my top should be! - And the other: - No, my top: I'm richer than you! - The brothers looked and looked, .....
Russian folk household audio tale "Wise Answers" about how a soldier went to see the king and got rich at the same time. “A soldier served in the regiment for twenty-five years, but he didn’t see the tsar in person ... He came to the palace. The tsar asks: - Why a soldier? - So and so, .. - Well, look! - Am I good? - Good, - replies ...
Russian folk tales
Biography of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich
Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy was born on January 10 (December 29), 1883 in the city of Nikolaevsk, Samara province.
Tolstoy's father, Count Nikolai Alexandrovich, was the leader of the Samara district nobility.
Stepfather, Alexey Apollonovich Bostrom, was the chairman of the county zemstvo council.
Tolstoy's mother, Alexandra Leontievna, nee Turgeneva, was the granddaughter of the Decembrist N.I. Turgenev. She was an educated woman, engaged in literature.
The childhood years of the future writer were spent in the village of Sosnovka, which belonged to his stepfather. Here, under the guidance of a visiting teacher, he received his initial education.
1897 - the Tolstoy family moves to Samara, and Alexei enters a real school.
1901 - after graduating from college, Alexei Tolstoy leaves Samara for St. Petersburg, intending to continue his education. He enters the Institute of Technology in the department of mechanics. Then he began to write his first poems.
1905 - production practice at the Baltic Shipyard.
1906 - first publication. The Kazan newspaper "Volzhsky leaf" publishes three poems by Alexei Tolstoy.
February - July of the same year - study in Dresden.
1907 - having completed almost the entire course of study at the institute, Tolstoy leaves him without defending his diploma. He intends to devote himself to literature. This year the first book of poems by Alexei Tolstoy "Lyric" is published. His poems and articles are published in the journals "Luch" and "Education". The writer himself at this time lives in Paris, where he is preparing a second book of poems for publication.
1908 - return to St. Petersburg. A book of poems "Beyond the blue rivers" was published. Tolstoy tries to work with prose and writes Magpie's Tales. It is prose works that will bring him fame.
1909 - Alexei Tolstoy writes the story "A Week in Turenev" (included in the collection "Zavolzhye"), which is published in the Apollo magazine. The publishing house "Shipovnik" publishes the first book of novels and short stories by Alexei Tolstoy.
1910 - 1914 - two novels of the writer, "Eccentrics" and "The Lame Master" are published. Criticism favorably perceives his works, M. Gorky himself praises Tolstoy's works.
1912 - moving to Moscow.
1913 - Alexey Tolstoy begins to cooperate with the newspaper Russkiye Vedomosti, publishes his novels and stories in it.
1914 - the beginning of the First World War. Tolstoy, as a war correspondent from Russkiye Vedomosti, goes to the South-Western Front.
1914 - 1916 - the war allows Tolstoy to visit Europe again, he visits France, England. In addition to journalistic work, he is engaged in his own creativity, writes stories about the war (“Under the Water”, “The Beautiful Lady”, “On the Mountain”), turns to dramaturgy (writes the comedies “Killer Whale” and “Unclean Power”).
The beginning of 1917 - The February Revolution makes Tolstoy think about Russian statehood, he is interested in the Petrine era. The historical theme gradually comes into the writer's work.
Alexei Tolstoy does not accept the October Revolution.
1918 - Tolstoy and his family leave for Odessa, from there he goes to Paris.
1918 - 1923 - emigration. Alexei Tolstoy first lives in Paris, in 1921 he moved to Berlin. Here he is a member of the creative group "On the Eve", consisting of representatives of the Russian émigré intelligentsia. Becoming a member of "On the Eve" automatically meant giving up the fight against Soviet power, and therefore accepting it. Because of this, many friends turn away from Tolstoy, he is expelled from the Union of Russian Writers in Paris. It is possible to maintain relations only with M. Gorky. Later, in his memoirs, the writer will call emigration the most difficult period in his life.
1920 - the story "Nikita's Childhood" was written.
1921 - 1923 - the novel "Aelita", the novels "Black Friday", "The Manuscript Found Under the Bed" were written.
1923 - return to the USSR.
1925 - 1927 - work on the science fiction novel "The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin". In the same period, the story "The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio" was written.
1927 - 1928 - Alexei Tolstoy writes the first two parts of the trilogy "Walking through the torments" ("Sisters", "The Eighteenth Year").
1928 - the Tolstoy family moved to Detskoye Selo near Leningrad.
1929 - the beginning of work on the historical novel "Peter I". Tolstoy will write it for 16 years, until the end of his life, but the work will remain unfinished. The finished chapters of the novel are published by the Novy Mir magazine.
1931 - The novel "Black Gold" is written.
1932 - a trip to Italy, a meeting in Sorrento with M. Gorky.
1934 - Tolstoy takes an active part in the preparation and holding of the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers.
1937 - the writer was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
1938 - Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy was awarded the Order of Lenin for the script for the film "Peter I".
1939 - Tolstoy becomes an academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
1940 - 1941 - Alexei Tolstoy writes the third part of "Walking through the torments" "Gloomy Morning".
During the Great Patriotic War Tolstoy writes many articles, short stories and essays. Creates the dilogy "Ivan the Terrible".
January 10, 1943 - Alexei Tolstoy turns 60 years old. In connection with this event, by the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the writer was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
March 19 of the same year - Tolstoy was awarded the Stalin Prize of the first degree (100 thousand rubles) for the novel "Walking Through the Torments". The award was given by the writer for the construction of the Grozny tank.
June 1944 - doctors discover a malignant tumor in the writer's lung.
Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy an amazing and capable writer of rare talent, he created numerous novels, plays and stories, scripts were written, fairy tales for children. Due to the fact that A.N. Tolstoy took the most effective and active part in the creation (at that time) of Soviet literature for children, they could not avoid the close attention of the writer and works of Russian folklore, oral folk art, namely Russian folk tales, which on his behalf have undergone some processing and retelling.
Alexei Nikolaevich sought to reveal to young readers, to show them the enormous ideological, moral and aesthetic wealth that permeated the works of Russian oral folk art. Carefully selecting and sifting hosts of folklore works, in the end, he included in his collection of Russian folk tales 50 fairy tales about animals and about seven fairy tales for children.
According to Alexei Tolstoy processing folk tales was a long and difficult task. If you believe his words, then from the numerous variations of Russian and folk tale he selected the most interesting fairy tales enriched with truly folk language and amazing plot details that could be useful to children and parents in mastering Russian folk culture and its history.
In children's literature Tolstoy A.N. contributed his book, affectionately called " Forty tales”, which was prepared in 1910. Fairy tales from this book, thanks to diligence and perseverance Tolstoy, were often published in children's anti-corruption magazines of that time, such as "Galchonok", "Path" and many others. The works from his book are also widely used today.
Of course, it is necessary to note the inexhaustible contribution of Tolstoy to Russian children's literature. It was Alexei Nikolaevich who translated, supplemented and wrote a wonderful fairy tale in Russian "". In the future, the text of this wonderful tale was used by him to create a screenplay and a play of the same name for a children's puppet theater. The history of this tale is very interesting, it began shortly before the return of A.N. Tolstoy from emigration, then the initial translation of the novel by the Italian writer (C. Lorenzini) C. Collodi The Adventures of Pinocchio was published in a Berlin magazine, in essence it was the first adaptation of the well-known literary works. From that time on, Tolstoy began a long, painstaking work that lasted more than ten years on a fairy tale story for children, later called The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio. Long and thorny work on this wonderful children's work was finally completed by him only in 1936.
Do not evade the attention of the writer (as noted above) and Russian folk tales, Tolstoy made retellings and text processing of the most memorable, beloved folklore works. Already from the first steps in Russian and world literature, Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy set himself the goal of being a passionate supporter of his native folklore, close to him since childhood, Russian folk oral art; the late period of the writer's work is marked by grandiose folklore ideas. Tolstoy's interest in folklore was genuinely wide, but at that time, in literature and pedagogy in general, the following phenomenon was observed, as "a fierce struggle against fairy tale”And probably this may be the forced emigration of A.N. Tolstoy abroad, and at the same time his primordially Russian patriotism. After all, a fairy tale, in those days, when the genre of children's literature was categorically denied, fairy tales were persecuted and destroyed by, for example, the Kharkov Pedagogical School, which even allowed itself to publish and popularize in every possible way a collection of articles called "We are against a fairy tale." Pedagogical and Rappian criticism not only of the Russian fairy tale, but also of folk tales in general, was very strong and was fully supported by numerous corrupt officials, to whom the future of literature was drawn completely sterilized from fairy tales, cleared of cultural heritage past and its historical roots. Even after many decades, we can observe this picture, adherents of this ideology, who continue to persecute and desecrate fairy tales even today. It is easy to find these individuals and read their "works", which are being written (or retold) today, in our days, for example, on behalf of the journalist Panyushkin and some others.
Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy, stories, fairy tales and fables in prose for children. The collection includes not only the well-known stories of Leo Tolstoy "Bone", "Kitten", "Bulka", but also such rare works as "Be kind to everyone", "Do not torture animals", "Do not be lazy", "Boy and father" and many others.
Jackdaw and jug
Galka wanted to drink. There was a jug of water in the yard, and the jug only had water at the bottom.
Jackdaw could not be reached.
She began to throw pebbles into the jug and threw so many that the water became higher and it was possible to drink.
Rats and egg
Two rats found an egg. They wanted to share it and eat it; but they see a crow flying and wants to take the egg.
The rats began to think how to steal an egg from a crow. Carry? - do not grab; roll? - can be broken.
And the rats decided this: one lay on its back, grabbed the egg with its paws, and the other drove it by the tail, and, like on a sleigh, dragged the egg under the floor.
bug
Bug was carrying a bone across the bridge. Look, her shadow is in the water.
It came to the mind of the Bug that there was not a shadow in the water, but a Bug and a bone.
She let her bone in to take that one. She didn’t take that one, but her own went to the bottom.
wolf and goat
The wolf sees - the goat is grazing on a stone mountain and he cannot get close to her; he said to her: “You should go down: here the place is more even, and the grass for food is much sweeter for you.”
And the Goat says: “That’s not why you, wolf, are calling me down: you are not about mine, but about your fodder.”
Mouse, cat and rooster
The mouse went for a walk. She walked around the yard and came back to her mother.
“Well, mother, I saw two animals. One is scary and the other is kind.
The mother said: "Tell me, what kind of animals are these?"
The mouse said: “One scary one, walks around the yard like this: his legs are black, his crest is red, his eyes are protruding, and his nose is hooked. When I walked by, he opened his mouth, lifted his leg and began to scream so loudly that I didn’t know where to go from fear!
"It's a rooster," said the old mouse. - He does no harm to anyone, do not be afraid of him. Well, what about the other animal?
- The other lay in the sun and warmed himself. His neck is white, his legs are gray, smooth, he licks his white breast and moves his tail a little, looks at me.
The old mouse said: “You are a fool, you are a fool. It's a cat after all."
Kitten
There were brother and sister - Vasya and Katya; and they had a cat. In the spring, the cat disappeared. The children looked for her everywhere, but could not find her.
Once they were playing near the barn and heard someone meowing in thin voices above their heads. Vasya climbed the stairs under the roof of the barn. And Katya stood and kept asking:
- Found? Found?
But Vasya did not answer her. Finally, Vasya shouted to her:
- Found! Our cat... and she has kittens; so wonderful; come here soon.
Katya ran home, got milk and brought it to the cat.
There were five kittens. When they grew up a little and began to crawl out from under the corner where they hatched, the children chose one kitten, gray with white paws, and brought it into the house. The mother gave away all the other kittens, and left this one to the children. The children fed him, played with him and put him to bed with them.
Once the children went to play on the road and took a kitten with them.
The wind stirred the straw along the road, and the kitten played with the straw, and the children rejoiced at him. Then they found sorrel near the road, went to collect it and forgot about the kitten.
Suddenly they heard someone shouting loudly:
“Back, back!” - and they saw that the hunter was galloping, and in front of him two dogs saw a kitten and wanted to grab him. And the kitten, stupid, instead of running, sat down on the ground, hunched his back and looks at the dogs.
Katya was frightened by the dogs, screamed and ran away from them. And Vasya, with all his heart, set off to the kitten and, at the same time as the dogs, ran up to him.
The dogs wanted to grab the kitten, but Vasya fell on the kitten with his stomach and covered it from the dogs.
The hunter jumped up and drove the dogs away, and Vasya brought the kitten home and no longer took him into the field with him.
old man and apple trees
The old man was planting apple trees. They told him: “Why do you need apple trees? It is a long time to wait for fruit from these apple trees, and you will not eat apples from them. The old man said: "I will not eat, others will eat, they will thank me."
Boy and father (Truth is the most expensive)
The boy was playing and accidentally broke an expensive cup.
Nobody took it out.
Father came and asked:
- Who broke?
The boy shook with fear and said:
- I AM.
Father said:
- Thank you for telling the truth.
Do not torture animals (Varya and siskin)
Varya had a siskin. Chizh lived in a cage and never sang.
Varya came to the chizh. - "It's time for you, siskin, to sing."
- "Let me go free, I will sing all day long."
Don't be lazy
There were two men - Peter and Ivan, they mowed the meadows together. Peter the next morning came with his family and began to clean up his meadow. The day was hot and the grass was dry; in the evening it became hay.
And Ivan did not go to clean, but sat at home. On the third day, Peter brought hay home, and Ivan was just about to row.
By evening it started to rain. Peter had hay, and Ivan had all the grass withered away.
Do not take by force
Petya and Misha had a horse. They began to argue: whose horse?
They began to tear each other's horse.
- "Give me, my horse!" - “No, you give me, the horse is not yours, but mine!”
Mother came, took the horse, and nobody's horse became.
Do not overeat
The mouse gnawed the floor, and there was a gap. The mouse went into the gap, found a lot of food. The mouse was greedy and ate so much that its belly became full. When it was daylight, the mouse went to her, but the belly was so full that she did not go through the gap.
Be good to everyone
The squirrel jumped from branch to branch and fell right on the sleepy wolf. The wolf jumped up and wanted to eat her. The squirrel began to ask: "Let me go." The wolf said: “Okay, I'll let you in, just tell me why you squirrels are so cheerful? I’m always bored, but you look at you, you are there, at the top, all playing and jumping. The squirrel said: “Let me go up the tree first, and from there I will tell you, otherwise I am afraid of you.” The wolf let go, and the squirrel went to the tree and said from there: “You are bored because you are angry. Anger burns your heart. And we are cheerful because we are kind and do no harm to anyone.
respect old people
The grandmother had a granddaughter; before, the granddaughter was sweet and slept all the time, and the grandmother herself baked bread, swept the hut, washed, sewed, spun and wove for her granddaughter; and after that the grandmother became old and lay down on the stove and slept all the time. And the granddaughter baked, washed, sewed, wove and spun for her grandmother.
How my aunt talked about how she learned to sew
When I was six years old, I asked my mother to let me sew. She said: “You are still small, you will only prick your fingers”; and I kept coming. Mother took a red piece of paper from the chest and gave it to me; then she threaded a red thread into the needle and showed me how to hold it. I began to sew, but could not make even stitches; one stitch came out large, and the other fell to the very edge and broke through. Then I pricked my finger and wanted not to cry, but my mother asked me: “What are you?” I couldn't help but cry. Then my mother told me to go play.
When I went to bed, stitches seemed to me all the time: I kept thinking about how I could learn to sew as soon as possible, and it seemed to me so difficult that I would never learn. And now I've grown big and I don't remember how I learned to sew; and when I teach my girl to sew, I wonder how she can't hold a needle.
Bulka (Officer's story)
I had a muzzle. Her name was Bulka. She was all black, only the tips of her front paws were white.
In all muzzles, the lower jaw is longer than the upper and the upper teeth extend beyond the lower ones; but Bulka's lower jaw protruded so far forward that a finger could be placed between the lower and upper teeth. Bulka's face was wide; eyes large, black and shining; and white teeth and fangs always stuck out. He looked like an arap. Bulka was gentle and did not bite, but he was very strong and tenacious. When he used to get hold of something, he would grit his teeth and hang like a rag, and like a tick, he could not be torn off in any way.
Once they let him attack a bear, and he grabbed the bear's ear and hung like a leech. The bear beat him with his paws, pressed him to himself, threw him from side to side, but could not tear him off and fell on his head to crush Bulka; but Bulka held on to him until they poured cold water on him.
I adopted him as a puppy and fed him myself. When I went to serve in the Caucasus, I did not want to take him and left him quietly, and ordered him to be locked up. At the first station, I was about to sit down on another sling, when I suddenly saw that something black and shiny was rolling along the road. It was Bulka in his copper collar. He flew at full speed to the station. He rushed towards me, licked my hand and stretched out in the shade under the cart. His tongue stuck out to the palm of his hand. He then pulled it back, swallowing saliva, then again stuck it out on a whole palm. He was in a hurry, did not keep up with breathing, his sides were jumping. He turned from side to side and tapped his tail on the ground.
I later found out that after me he broke through the frame and jumped out of the window and, right in my wake, galloped along the road and galloped about twenty miles in the heat.
Milton and Bulka (Story)
I got myself a setter for the pheasants. This dog was called Milton: it was tall, thin, speckled in grey, with long beaks and ears, and very strong and intelligent. They did not squabble with Bulka. Not a single dog has ever snapped at Bulka. He would only show his teeth, and the dogs would curl their tails and walk away. Once I went with Milton for pheasants. Suddenly Bulka ran after me into the forest. I wanted to drive him away, but I couldn't. And it was a long way to go home to take him away. I thought that he would not interfere with me, and went on; but as soon as Milton sensed a pheasant in the grass and began to search, Bulka rushed forward and began to poke his head in all directions. He tried before Milton to raise the pheasant. He heard something like that in the grass, jumped, twirled: but his instinct was bad, and he could not find a trace alone, but looked at Milton and ran where Milton was going. As soon as Milton sets off on the trail, Bulka will run ahead. I recalled Bulka, beat him, but could not do anything with him. As soon as Milton began to search, he rushed forward and interfered with him. I already wanted to go home, because I thought that my hunting was spoiled, and Milton figured out better than me how to deceive Bulka. This is what he did: as soon as Bulka runs ahead of him, Milton will leave a trace, turn in the other direction and pretend that he is looking. Bulka will rush to where Milton pointed, and Milton will look back at me, wag his tail and follow the real trail again. Bulka again ran to Milton, ran ahead, and again Milton deliberately took ten steps to the side, deceived Bulka, and again led me straight. So all the hunting he deceived Bulka and did not let him ruin the case.
Shark (Story)
Our ship was anchored off the coast of Africa. It was a fine day, with a fresh breeze blowing from the sea; but towards evening the weather changed: it became stuffy and, as if from a melted stove, hot air from the Sahara desert was blowing at us.
Before sunset, the captain went on deck, shouted: “Swim!” - and in one minute the sailors jumped into the water, lowered the sail into the water, tied it and made a bath in the sail.
There were two boys on the ship with us. The boys were the first to jump into the water, but they were cramped in the sail, they decided to swim in a race on the high seas.
Both, like lizards, stretched out in the water and with all their strength swam to the place where there was a barrel above the anchor.
One boy at first overtook his comrade, but then began to lag behind. The boy's father, an old artilleryman, stood on the deck and admired his son. When the son began to lag behind, the father shouted to him: “Do not betray! push!"
Suddenly, from the deck, someone shouted: "Shark!" - and we all saw the back of a sea monster in the water.
The shark swam straight at the boys.
Back! back! come back! shark! shouted the gunner. But the guys did not hear him, they swam on, laughing and shouting even more cheerfully and louder than before.
The artilleryman, pale as a sheet, looked at the children without moving.
The sailors lowered the boat, rushed into it and, bending the oars, rushed with all their might to the boys; but they were still far away from them when the shark was no more than 20 paces away.
The boys at first did not hear what was shouted to them, and did not see the shark; but then one of them looked back, and we all heard a piercing squeal, and the boys swam in different directions.
This squeal seemed to wake the gunner. He took off and ran to the cannons. He turned his trunk, lay down on the cannon, took aim and took the fuse.
We all, no matter how many of us were on the ship, froze with fear and waited for what would happen.
A shot rang out, and we saw that the artilleryman had fallen near the cannon and covered his face with his hands. What happened to the shark and the boys we did not see, because for a moment the smoke clouded our eyes.
But when the smoke dispersed over the water, at first a quiet murmur was heard from all sides, then this murmur became stronger, and, finally, a loud, joyful cry was heard from all sides.
The old artilleryman opened his face, got up and looked at the sea.
The yellow belly of a dead shark rippled over the waves. In a few minutes the boat sailed up to the boys and brought them to the ship.
The Lion and the Dog (True)
Illustration by Nastya Aksenova
In London, they showed wild animals and took money or dogs and cats for food for wild animals.
One man wanted to look at the animals: he grabbed a little dog in the street and brought it to the menagerie. They let him watch, but they took the little dog and threw it into a cage to be eaten by a lion.
The dog tucked its tail between its legs and snuggled into the corner of the cage. The lion walked up to her and sniffed her.
The dog lay on its back, raised its paws and began to wag its tail.
The lion touched her with his paw and turned her over.
The dog jumped up and stood in front of the lion on its hind legs.
The lion looked at the dog, turned its head from side to side and did not touch it.
When the owner threw meat to the lion, the lion tore off a piece and left it for the dog.
In the evening, when the lion went to bed, the dog lay down beside him and laid her head on his paw.
Since then, the dog lived in the same cage with the lion, the lion did not touch her, ate food, slept with her, and sometimes played with her.
Once the master came to the menagerie and recognized his little dog; he said that the dog was his own, and asked the owner of the menagerie to give it to him. The owner wanted to give it back, but as soon as they began to call the dog to take it out of the cage, the lion bristled and growled.
So the lion and the dog lived for a whole year in one cage.
A year later, the dog fell ill and died. The lion stopped eating, but kept sniffing, licking the dog and touching it with his paw.
When he realized that she was dead, he suddenly jumped up, bristled, began to whip his tail on the sides, threw himself on the wall of the cage and began to gnaw the bolts and the floor.
All day he fought, tossed about in the cage and roared, then lay down beside the dead dog and fell silent. The owner wanted to carry away the dead dog, but the lion would not let anyone near it.
The owner thought that the lion would forget his grief if he was given another dog, and let a live dog into his cage; but the lion immediately tore her to pieces. Then he hugged the dead dog with his paws and lay like that for five days.
On the sixth day the lion died.
Jump (True)
One ship went around the world and returned home. The weather was calm, all the people were on deck. Spinning among the people big monkey and entertained everyone. This monkey writhed, jumped, made funny faces, mimicked people, and it was clear that she knew that she was being amused, and therefore diverged even more.
She jumped up to the 12-year-old boy, the son of the captain of the ship, tore off his hat from his head, put it on and quickly climbed up the mast. Everyone laughed, but the boy was left without a hat and did not know himself whether to laugh or cry.
The monkey sat down on the first rung of the mast, took off his hat and began to tear it with his teeth and paws. She seemed to be teasing the boy, pointing at him and making faces at him. The boy threatened her and shouted at her, but she tore her hat even more angrily. The sailors began to laugh louder, and the boy blushed, threw off his jacket and rushed to the mast after the monkey. In one minute he climbed the rope to the first rung; but the monkey was even more agile and faster than he, at the very moment when he thought to grab his hat, climbed even higher.
So you won't leave me! - shouted the boy and climbed higher. The monkey again beckoned him, climbed even higher, but the boy was already disassembled by the enthusiasm, and he did not lag behind. So the monkey and the boy reached the very top in one minute. At the very top, the monkey stretched out to its full length and, catching the rope with its back hand1, hung its hat on the edge of the last crossbar, and itself climbed to the top of the mast and from there writhed, showed its teeth and rejoiced. From the mast to the end of the crossbar, where the hat hung, was two arshins, so that it was impossible to get it except to let go of the rope and the mast.
But the boy was very angry. He dropped the mast and stepped onto the crossbar. Everyone on deck looked and laughed at what the monkey and the captain's son were doing; but when they saw that he let go the rope and stepped on the crossbar, shaking his arms, everyone froze with fear.
He had only to stumble - and he would have been smashed to smithereens on the deck. Yes, even if he did not stumble, but reached the edge of the crossbar and took his hat, it would be difficult for him to turn around and walk back to the mast. Everyone silently looked at him and waited for what would happen.
Suddenly, some of the people gasped in fear. The boy came to his senses from this cry, looked down and staggered.
At this time, the captain of the ship, the boy's father, left the cabin. He carried a gun to shoot seagulls. He saw his son on the mast, and immediately took aim at his son and shouted: “Into the water! jump into the water now! I'll shoot!" The boy staggered, but did not understand. “Jump or shoot! .. One, two ...” and as soon as the father shouted: “three” - the boy swung his head down and jumped.
Like a cannonball, the boy's body slapped into the sea, and before the waves had time to close it, as already 20 young sailors jumped from the ship into the sea. After 40 seconds - they seemed like debts to everyone - the boy's body surfaced. They grabbed him and dragged him onto the ship. After a few minutes, water poured from his mouth and nose, and he began to breathe.
When the captain saw this, he suddenly screamed, as if something was choking him, and ran to his cabin so that no one would see him crying.
Fire dogs (Falle)
It often happens that in cities, on fires, children remain in houses and cannot be pulled out, because they will hide and remain silent from fright, and it is impossible to see them from the smoke. For this, dogs are trained in London. These dogs live with the firemen, and when the house catches fire, the firemen send the dogs to pull the children out. One such dog in London saved twelve children; her name was Bob.
The house caught fire once. And when the firemen arrived at the house, a woman ran out to them. She cried and said that a two-year-old girl remained in the house. The firemen sent Bob. Bob ran up the stairs and disappeared into the smoke. Five minutes later he ran out of the house and in his teeth carried the girl by the shirt. The mother rushed to her daughter and wept for joy that her daughter was alive. The firemen petted the dog and examined it to see if it was burned; but Bob was rushing back into the house. The firemen thought there was something else alive in the house and let him in. The dog ran into the house and soon ran out with something in his mouth. When the people saw what she was carrying, everyone burst out laughing: she was carrying a big doll.
Bone (True)
Mother bought plums and wanted to give them to the children after dinner. They were on a plate. Vanya never ate plums and kept sniffing them. And he really liked them. I really wanted to eat. He kept walking past the plums. When no one was in the room, he could not resist, grabbed one plum and ate it. Before dinner, the mother counted the plums and sees that one is missing. She told her father.
At dinner, the father says: “Well, children, has anyone eaten one plum?” Everyone said, "No." Vanya blushed like a cancer, and also said: “No, I didn’t eat.”
Then the father said: “What one of you has eaten is not good; but that's not the problem. The trouble is that plums have bones, and if someone does not know how to eat them and swallows a stone, he will die in a day. I'm afraid of it."
Vanya turned pale and said: "No, I threw the bone out the window."
And everyone laughed, and Vanya began to cry.
Monkey and Pea (Fable)
The monkey was carrying two full handfuls of peas. One pea jumped out; the monkey wanted to pick it up and spilled twenty peas.
She rushed to pick it up and spilled everything. Then she got angry, scattered all the peas and ran away.
The Lion and the Mouse (Fable)
The lion was sleeping. The mouse ran over his body. He woke up and caught her. The mouse began to ask him to let her in; she said: "If you let me go, and I will do you good." The lion laughed that the mouse promised to do good to him, and let it go.
Then the hunters caught the lion and tied it to a tree with a rope. The mouse heard the lion's roar, ran, gnawed through the rope and said: “Remember, you laughed, you didn’t think that I could do good to you, but now you see, sometimes good comes from a mouse.”
Old grandfather and granddaughter (Fable)
The grandfather became very old. His legs could not walk, his eyes could not see, his ears could not hear, he had no teeth. And when he ate, it flowed back from his mouth. The son and daughter-in-law stopped putting him at the table, and let him dine at the stove. They took him down once to dine in a cup. He wanted to move it, but he dropped it and broke it. The daughter-in-law began to scold the old man for spoiling everything in the house and breaking cups, and said that now she would give him dinner in the pelvis. The old man just sighed and said nothing. Once a husband and wife sit at home and look - their little son plays planks on the floor - something works out. The father asked: “What are you doing, Misha?” And Misha said: “It’s me, father, I’m doing the pelvis. When you and your mother are old, to feed you from this pelvis.
Husband and wife looked at each other and wept. They felt ashamed that they had offended the old man so much; and from then on they began to put him at the table and look after him.
Liar (Fable, another name - Do not lie)
The boy guarded the sheep and, as if seeing a wolf, began to call: “Help, wolf! Wolf!" The men come running and see: it's not true. As he did so two and three times, it happened - and a wolf really came running. The boy began to shout: "Here, here, hurry, wolf!" The peasants thought that he was deceiving again, as always, - they did not listen to him. The wolf sees, there is nothing to be afraid of: in the open he cut the whole herd.
Father and Sons (Fable)
The father ordered his sons to live in harmony; they didn't listen. So he ordered to bring a broom and says:
"Break!"
No matter how much they fought, they could not break. Then the father untied the broom and ordered to break one rod at a time.
They easily broke the bars one by one.
Ant and dove (Fable)
The ant went down to the stream: he wanted to get drunk. A wave swept over him and nearly drowned him. Dove carried a branch; she saw - the ant was drowning, and threw a branch into the stream for him. An ant sat on a branch and escaped. Then the hunter set the net on the dove and wanted to slam it shut. The ant crawled up to the hunter and bit him on the leg; the hunter groaned and dropped the net. The dove fluttered and flew away.
Hen and Swallow (Fable)
The chicken found snake eggs and began to hatch them. The swallow saw and said:
"That's it, stupid! You will lead them out, and when they grow up, they will offend you first.
The Fox and the Grapes (Fable)
The fox saw - ripe bunches of grapes were hanging, and began to fit in, as if to eat them.
She fought for a long time, but could not get it. To drown out her annoyance, she says: "Still green."
Two Comrades (Fable)
Two comrades were walking through the forest, and a bear jumped out at them. One rushed to run, climbed a tree and hid, while the other remained on the road. He had nothing to do - he fell to the ground and pretended to be dead.
The bear came up to him and began to sniff: he stopped breathing.
The bear sniffed his face, thought it was dead, and walked away.
When the bear left, he climbed down from the tree and laughs: “Well,” he says, “did the bear speak in your ear?”
“And he told me that bad people are those who run away from their comrades in danger.”
The Tsar and the Shirt (Fairy Tale)
One king was sick and said: "I will give half of the kingdom to the one who will cure me." Then all the wise men gathered and began to judge how to cure the king. Nobody knew. Only one wise man said that the king can be cured. He said: if you find a happy person, take off his shirt and put it on the king, the king will recover. The king sent to look for a happy person in his kingdom; but the ambassadors of the king traveled all over the kingdom for a long time and could not find a happy person. There was not a single one that was satisfied with everyone. Who is rich, let him be ill; who is healthy, but poor; who is healthy and rich, but his wife is not good, and who has children not good; everyone is complaining about something. Once, late in the evening, the tsar’s son walks past the hut, and he hears someone say: “Thank God, I’ve worked out, ate and go to bed; what else do I need?" The king's son was delighted, ordered to take off this man's shirt, and give him money for it, as much as he wants, and take the shirt to the king. The messengers came to happy man and wanted to take off his shirt; but the happy one was so poor that he didn't even have a shirt on.
Two brothers (Fairy tale)
The two brothers went on a journey together. At noon they lay down to rest in the forest. When they woke up, they saw that a stone was lying near them and something was written on the stone. They began to disassemble and read:
“Whoever finds this stone, let him go straight into the forest at sunrise. A river will come in the forest: let him swim across this river to the other side. house, and in that house you will find happiness.
The brothers read what was written, and the younger one said:
Let's go together. Maybe we will swim across this river, bring the cubs home and find happiness together.
Then the elder said:
I will not go into the forest for cubs and I do not advise you. First thing: no one knows whether the truth is written on this stone; maybe all this is written for laughter. Yes, maybe we didn't get it right. Second: if the truth is written, we will go into the forest, night will come, we will not get to the river and get lost. And if we find a river, how will we swim across it? Maybe it's fast and wide? Third: even if we swim across the river, is it really easy to take the cubs away from the she-bear? She will tear us up, and instead of happiness, we will disappear for nothing. The fourth thing: even if we manage to carry away the cubs, we will not reach the mountain without rest. But the main thing is not said: what kind of happiness will we find in this house? Perhaps we will find such happiness there, which we do not need at all.
And the younger one said:
I don't think so. In vain they would not write this on a stone. And everything is written clearly. First thing: we won't get in trouble if we try. Second thing: if we do not go, someone else will read the inscription on the stone and find happiness, and we will be left with nothing. The third thing: not to work hard and not to work, nothing in the world pleases. Fourth, I don't want to be thought that I was afraid of something.
Then the elder said:
And the proverb says: "To seek great happiness is to lose little"; and moreover: "Do not promise a crane in the sky, but give a titmouse in your hands."
And the smaller one said:
And I heard: "To be afraid of wolves, not to go into the forest"; moreover: "Water will not flow under a lying stone." For me, I have to go.
The younger brother went, and the older one stayed.
As soon as the younger brother entered the forest, he attacked the river, swam across it and immediately saw a bear on the shore. She slept. He grabbed the cubs and ran without looking back at the mountain. He had just reached the top, - people came out to meet him, they brought him a carriage, took him to the city and made him king.
He reigned for five years. In the sixth year another king came to fight against him, stronger than he; conquered the city and drove it out. Then the younger brother went on wandering again and came to the older brother.
The older brother lived in the village neither richly nor poorly. The brothers rejoiced at each other and began to talk about their lives.
Elder brother says:
So my truth came out: I always lived quietly and well, and you like it and was the king, but I saw a lot of grief.
And the smaller one said:
I do not grieve that then I went into the forest to the mountain; although I feel bad now, but there is something to remember my life, and you have nothing to remember.
Lipunyushka (Fairy tale)
An old man lived with an old woman. They didn't have children. The old man went to the field to plow, and the old woman stayed at home to bake pancakes. The old woman baked pancakes and says:
“If we had a son, he would take pancakes to his father; and now with whom shall I send?"
Suddenly, a little son crawled out of the cotton and said: “Hello, mother! ..”
And the old woman says: “Where did you come from, son, and what is your name?”
And the son says: “You, mother, unspun the cotton and put it in a column, and I hatched there. And call me Lipunyushka. Give, mother, I will take the pancakes to father.
The old woman says: “Will you tell, Lipunyushka?”
I will, mother...
The old woman tied the pancakes in a bundle and gave them to her son. Lipunyushka took the bundle and ran into the field.
In the field he came across a bump on the road; he shouts: “Father, father, transplant me over a hummock! I brought you pancakes."
The old man heard from the field, someone was calling him, went to meet his son, transplanted him over a tussock and said: “Where are you from, son?” And the boy says: “I, father, bred in cotton,” and served pancakes to his father. The old man sat down to have breakfast, and the boy said: “Give me, father, I will plow.”
And the old man says: “You don’t have the strength to plow.”
And Lipunyushka took up the plow and began to plow. He plows and sings songs himself.
The gentleman was driving past this field and saw that the old man was sitting at breakfast, and the horse was plowing alone. The master got out of the carriage and said to the old man: “How is it with you, old man, plows a horse alone?”
And the old man says: "I have a boy plowing there, he sings songs." The master came closer, heard the songs and saw Lipunyushka.
Barin and says: “Old man! sell me the boy." And the old man says: “No, I can’t sell it, I have only one.”
And Lipunyushka says to the old man: "Sell, father, I will run away from him."
The man sold the boy for a hundred rubles. The master handed over the money, took the boy, wrapped him in a handkerchief and put him in his pocket. The master came home and said to his wife: "I brought you joy." And the wife says: “Show me what it is?” The master took a handkerchief from his pocket, unfolded it, but there was nothing in the handkerchief. Lipunyushka ran away to his father a long time ago.
Three Bears (Fairy Tale)
One girl left home for the forest. She got lost in the forest and began to look for her way home, but she did not find it, but came to the house in the forest.
The door was open; she looked at the door, sees: there is no one in the house, and entered. Three bears lived in this house. One bear was a father, his name was Mikhailo Ivanovich. He was big and shaggy. The other was a bear. She was smaller, and her name was Nastasya Petrovna. The third was a little bear cub, and his name was Mishutka. The bears were not at home, they went for a walk in the forest.
There were two rooms in the house: one dining room, the other bedroom. The girl entered the dining room and saw three cups of stew on the table. The first cup, very large, was Mikhail Ivanychev's. The second cup, smaller, was Nastasya Petrovnina; the third, little blue cup, was Mishutkin. Beside each cup lay a spoon: large, medium and small.
The girl took the biggest spoon and drank from the biggest cup; then she took the middle spoon and drank from the middle cup; then she took a small spoon and drank from a little blue cup; and Mishutkin's stew seemed to her the best.
The girl wanted to sit down and sees three chairs at the table: one large one - Mikhail Ivanovich; the other is smaller - Nastasya Petrovnin, and the third, small, with a blue little pillow - Mishutkin. She climbed onto a large chair and fell; then she sat down on the middle chair, it was awkward on it; then she sat down on a small chair and laughed - it was so good. She took the little blue cup on her knees and began to eat. She ate all the stew and began to swing on a chair.
The chair broke and she fell to the floor. She got up, picked up a chair and went to another room. There were three beds: one large - Mikhail Ivanychev; the other middle one is Nastasya Petrovnina; the third is small - Mishenkina. The girl lay down in a large one, it was too spacious for her; lay down in the middle - it was too high; she lay down in a small one - the bed fit her just right, and she fell asleep.
And the bears came home hungry and wanted to have dinner.
The big bear took the cup, looked and roared in a terrible voice:
WHO DRINKED IN MY CUP?
Nastasya Petrovna looked at her cup and growled not so loudly:
WHO DRINKED IN MY CUP?
But Mishutka saw his empty cup and squeaked in a thin voice:
WHO DRINKED IN MY CUP AND DRINKED EVERYTHING?
Mikhail Ivanovich looked at his chair and growled in a terrible voice:
Nastasya Petrovna glanced at her chair and growled not so loudly:
WHO SAT ON MY CHAIR AND PUSHED IT FROM THE PLACE?
Mishutka looked at his broken chair and squeaked:
WHO SIT ON MY CHAIR AND BROKEN IT?
The bears came to another room.
WHO GOT IN MY BED AND KRUGGED IT? roared Mikhail Ivanovich in a terrible voice.
WHO GOT IN MY BED AND KRUGGED IT? Nastasya Petrovna growled, not so loudly.
And Mishenka set up a bench, climbed into his bed and squeaked in a thin voice:
WHO WAS IN MY BED?
And suddenly he saw the girl and squealed as if he was being cut:
There she is! Hold it, hold it! There she is! Ay-ya-yay! Hold on!
He wanted to bite her.
The girl opened her eyes, saw the bears and rushed to the window. It was open, she jumped out the window and ran away. And the bears did not catch up with her.
What is the dew on the grass (Description)
When you go to the forest on a sunny summer morning, you can see diamonds in the fields, in the grass. All these diamonds shine and shimmer in the sun in different colors - yellow, red, and blue. When you come closer and see what it is, you will see that these are drops of dew gathered in triangular leaves of grass and glisten in the sun.
The leaf of this grass inside is shaggy and fluffy, like velvet. And the drops roll on the leaf and do not wet it.
When you inadvertently pick off a leaf with a dewdrop, the drop will roll down like a ball of light, and you will not see how it slips past the stem. It used to be that you would tear off such a cup, slowly bring it to your mouth and drink a dewdrop, and this dewdrop seemed tastier than any drink.
Touch and Sight (Reasoning)
Braid the index finger with the middle and braided fingers, touch the small ball so that it rolls between both fingers, and close your eyes yourself. It will look like two balls to you. Open your eyes - you will see that one ball. The fingers deceived, and the eyes were corrected.
Look (best from the side) at a good clean mirror: it will seem to you that this is a window or a door and that there is something behind it. Feel with your finger - you will see that it is a mirror. Eyes deceived, and fingers corrected.
Where does the water from the sea go? (Reasoning)
From springs, springs and marshes, water flows into streams, from streams into rivers, from rivers into large rivers, and from large rivers it flows from the sea. From other sides other rivers flow into the seas, and all rivers have flowed into the seas since the world was created. Where does the water from the sea go? Why doesn't it flow over the edge?
The water from the sea rises in mist; the mist rises higher, and clouds are made from the mist. The clouds are blown by the wind and spread over the earth. From the clouds, water falls to the ground. From the ground flows into swamps and streams. From streams flows into rivers; from rivers to sea. From the sea again the water rises into the clouds, and the clouds spread over the land...
Tales of Tolstoy list includes fairy tales written by A. N. Tolstoy. Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy- Russian writer, poet, was born in Nikolaevsk, Saratov region, in the family of a count.
Tales of Tolstoy list
- The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio (1936)
A complete list of the tales of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich
- 1. Tale about black grouse
- 2. Bean seed
- 7. Mushroom War
- 8. Wolf and kids
- 10. Clay guy
- 11. Stupid wolf
- 15. Geese - swans
- 19. Crane and heron
- 21. Hare - brag
- 22. Animals in the pit
- 24. Winter hut of animals
- 25. The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio
- 27. Ivan cow's son
- 28. Ivan Tsarevich and the gray wolf
- 30. How the fox learned to fly
- 31. How the old woman found a bast shoe
- 34. Mare's head
- 35. Goat - dereza
- 37. Gingerbread Man
- 38. Cat - gray forehead, goat and ram
- 40. Cat and fox
- 41. Kochetok and hen
- 42. Crooked duck
- 43. Kuzma Skorobogaty
- 45. Hen Ryaba
- 46. Lion, pike and man
- 48. Fox and wolf
- 49. Fox and thrush
- 50. Fox and crane
- 51. Fox and hare
- 52. Fox and rooster
- 53. Fox and Cancer
- 54. Fox and black grouse
- 55. Fox crying
- 56. Fox drowns a jug
- 57. Sister fox and wolf
- 58. Boy with a finger
- 60. Bear and fox
- 61. Bear and dog
- 62. Bear and three sisters
- 63. Bear fake leg
- 65. Mizgir
- 67. Morozko
- 69. A man and a bear
- 70. A man and an eagle
- 73. No goat with nuts
- 74. About toothy pike
- 75. Sheep, fox and wolf
- 76. Rooster and millstones
- 78. Cockerel - golden comb
- 79. By pike command
- 80. Go there - I don’t know where, bring that - I don’t know what
- 86. Bubble, straw and bast shoes
- 88. Turnip
- 91. Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka
- 92. Sivka-Burka
- 94. Tale of rejuvenating apples and living water
- 95. Snow Maiden and Fox
- 100. The old man and the wolf
- 102. Teremok
- 103. Tereshechka
- 106. Khavroshechka
- 108. Princess frog
- 109. Chivy, chivy, chivychok ...
As we can see Tolstoy's tales, the list contains 109 tales.
Tales of A.N. Tolstoy
The writer published his first experiments on fairy-tale prose in a separate book in 1910: "Magpie's Tales" (St. Petersburg, publishing house "Public benefit"), with a dedication to his wife S. I. Dymshits. The book actually came out at the end of 1909. The collection included 41 fairy tales:
Tales of Tolstoy list
- hedgehog
- Magpie
- mouse
- Sage
- Lynx, man and bear
- Cat Vaska
- Owl and cat
- Goat
- crayfish wedding
- Gelding
- Camel
- Witcher
- Polevik
- Ant
- chicken god
- wild chickens
- Gander
- Masha and the mouse
- Axe
- Painting
- Portochki
- Pot
- Petushki
- Giant
- Master
- kikimora
- animal king
- Water
- Teddy bear and goblin
- Bashkiria
- Silver pipe
- Restless Heart (under another name "Mermaid")
- Cursed tithe
- Ivan da Marya
- Ivan Tsarevich and Alaya-Alitsa
- humble husband
- Wanderer and snake
- Bogatyr Sidor
- straw groom
In the book, the tales have not yet been divided into cycles: "Mermaid Tales" and "Magpie Tales". This division was made in 1923 in the Love spell collection.
"The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio"- a fairy tale story by Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy, based on the fairy tale by Carlo Collodi “The Adventures of Pinocchio. The history of the wooden doll.
The idea of publishing folklore came to Tolstoy in Leningrad in a conversation with "local folklorists" (PSS, 13, p. 243), and the fairy tale books were part of the vast "Code of Russian Folklore" that was conceived. The "Code", according to the writer's intention, was to include all the redactions and types of oral creativity of the Russian people. The folklorist writer A.N. Nechaev testifies: “The whole winter of 1937/1938 was spent on preliminary preparation” of the “Svod” plan (A.N. Nechaev, N.V. Rybakova, A.N. Tolstoy and a Russian folk tale. - Appendix to the PSS, 13, p. 334). It was necessary to collect all the accumulated folklore funds "in the form of a multi-volume edition" (PSS, 13, p. 243). The writer attached high social significance and meaning to the work on the “Code”: “The publication of the “Code of Russian Folklore” will not only be a valuable artistic contribution to world literature, but it is of great political importance, as it reflects the rich spiritual culture of the Russian people and the country to which the eyes of the whole world are fixed” (PSS, 13, p. 244).
Prominent folklorists of the 1930s took part in the discussion of the problems of preparing the Code: M. K. Azadovsky, Yu. During the discussion, the idea was clarified and expanded: it was supposed to publish not only the Code of Russian Folklore, but also the Code of Folklore of the Peoples of the USSR. The past meetings in the institutions of the USSR Academy of Sciences, reflected in the relevant documents and transcripts, are covered in the articles: Yu. A. Krestinsky. Unfinished plans of A. N. Tolstoy - academician ("Questions of Literature", 1974, No. 1, pp. 313-317); A. A. Gorelov. A. N. Tolstoy and Code of Russian Folklore. (In the book: “From the history of Russian Soviet folklore”. L., “Nauka”, 1981, pp. 3–6.)
The war that began in 1941 and the death of the writer interrupted work on the Code, part of which was the preparation of the Complete Code of Russian Fairy Tales. Of the five conceived books of fairy tales, A.N. Tolstoy managed to publish the first book as part of 51 fairy tales - all the so-called "tales about animals." The writer began work on the second book - "fairy tales" - prepared for printing 6 texts and a "saying" (published in 1944). Until 1953, 5 fairy tales remained unpublished in the writer's archive, which were included in the Collected Works (PSS, 15, pp. 303–320). And despite the incompleteness of the whole plan, the publication of folk tales prepared for publication by Tolstoy became a significant event in Soviet literature and folklore. The publication of the first book was carried out in 1940: "Russian Tales", vol. I, M.-L., with a preface by A. Tolstoy, " Fairy tales”, prepared by the writer for publication, saw the light in the publication: “Russian folk tales in the processing of A. Tolstoy”. Drawings by I. Kuznetsov. M.-L., Detgiz, 1944 (School library. For elementary school).
In his work on fairy tales, Tolstoy implemented a special principle of creative editing, which is fundamentally different from the literary "retelling" of an oral text. In the preface to the book of fairy tales (1940), Tolstoy wrote about this: “There were many attempts to remake Russian folk tales ... The compilers of such collections usually took up the processing of fairy tales, and retold them not in the folk language, not in folk techniques, but “literally”, that is, conditional, bookish language, which has nothing in common with the people. The tales retold in this way, according to the writer, “lost all meaning”: “... folk language, wit, freshness, originality, this was some incomplete work on their text. In particular, this becomes obvious when comparing Tolstoy's text "The Fox drowns the jug" with the source - Smirnov's version No. 29a. Although the tale is stylistically corrected compared to the source, the writer wanted to avoid a simple retelling of the plot where a lively depiction of the action was required. So, for example, in Smirnov’s version it says: “Once a fox came to the village and somehow ended up in one house, where, taking advantage of the absence of the hostess, she found a jug of oil.” Tolstoy eliminated superfluous words, bookish gerunds (highlighted in italics), but intonationally the phrase remained heavy. The writer offered his own version of the text, only after carefully reviewing all the available folk options. Judging by the archive, the writer did not have other versions of the tale. The publication of fairy tales found in the archive characterizes the process of the writer's careful work on the text of fairy tales and is interesting for that.