Residents of high-rise buildings look at bills for housing and communal services, and they have the question of electricity ODN, what is it, how is it calculated correctly and why is it so expensive?
Every day, high-rise buildings receive a lot of electricity from energy organizations. Part of it is spent by residents, which is individual energy consumption.
The rest of the electricity is spent on servicing common house territories that are not connected to electricity meters, so the electricity consumption is taken into account by a common house meter.
This type of energy consumption is common and is divided into all apartments.
Residents, looking at receipts for payment of ODN for electricity, believe that this is the cost of light in the entrances. In fact, the range of use of electricity for general house needs is quite large.
In high-rise buildings, electricity is needed for the following services or structures:
- elevator;
- intercom;
- CCTV;
- lighting of basements, attics, entrances, etc.;
- cold and hot water supply;
- maintenance of flower beds and lawns;
- cleaning entrances;
- sewer cleaning and other household works;
- clearing snow and ice in winter;
- pressure testing of heating systems, repair of batteries;
- fire and other alarm systems;
- internal losses.
Moreover, common house territories are the internal areas of the building and the territory adjacent to it, where there are often parking lots, gates with electric locks, security buildings and other objects.
The norms of electricity consumption for general house needs are set by regional authorities, for example, the regional department of housing and communal services and energy. Previously, the norms were calculated by local governments.
Fee Calculation Formula
The amount of the ODN payment for electricity for each apartment in a high-rise building is calculated using the following formula:
Pi one \u003d Vi one × T cr, where:
- Vi one is the calculation of the electricity consumption that falls on the apartment;
- T cr is the tariff for electricity.
Depending on the availability of a common house meter, the calculation of electricity charges for common house needs for each apartment is carried out according to different formulas.
How to count in a high-rise building if there are meters without it?
The calculation of ODN for electricity provides for a certain process, prescribed in the Decree No. 307 of the Government of the Russian Federation, according to which an electric meter must be installed in the house, allowing you to take readings of the electricity consumption of the house as a whole, after which the fee is calculated for each apartment, taking into account its area.
When the owner of the apartment does not install an individual meter, then the norms established by the local authorities are used to calculate the ODN. As for the ODN for electricity, its value is calculated using the difference between the IPU and the accrual rates, as well as the readings of the general house electric meter. You need to mean that the more electricity the apartment consumes, the higher the amount of the ODN payment for electricity will be.
Calculation by counter
As it has already become known from the foregoing, the calculation of ODN for electricity is carried out using the difference in the readings of personal meters and the general house.
To do this, the data of the general house electric meter is taken, since it is he who fixes how much electricity the house consumed in a month.
- Suppose that the general house meter showed that the house consumed 6,000 kWh in a month, which includes the consumption of apartments and the costs for general house purposes.
- After that, the total readings of individual counters are subtracted from this indicator. To do this, they add up the data provided by the residents of the high-rise building. Most often, electric meter readings are collected monthly until the 23rd–25th day. Such deadlines are necessary to reduce discrepancies in the process of balancing the balance of the house.
- After summing up the IPI data for apartments, the resulting amount is subtracted from the general house data. This allows you to find out how much energy was generally spent on general house needs. For example, the number of IPU readings is 4,500 kWh, then out of 6,000 kWh - 4,500 kWh = 1,500 kWh.
- 1500 kWh is the amount of electricity spent on the needs of the house in a month.
- In order to fairly divide this volume into all tenants, it is necessary to make a calculation taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment in which the tenant lives. Therefore, first calculate the unit of ODN 1 kWh per 1 m² of living space.
- For example, the living area of a high-rise building is 7 thousand m². then to calculate the volume of ODN per 1 m², you need to divide 1,500 kWh by the living area of the house. 1,500 kWh / 7,000 m² = 0.214 kWh, this is the amount of ODN consumed per 1 m².
By calculating these data, you can find out how much you have to pay for one single apartment for each apartment.
- For example, the area of an apartment is 45 m², then you need to multiply the volume of ODN for 1 m² by 45, the result will be 9.63 kWh. The owner of the apartment will pay for this amount of electricity.
- If the tariff for electricity is 4 rubles / kWh, then we multiply 9.63 kWh by 4 rubles. and get 38 rubles. 52 kop. It is this amount that will have to be paid to the owner of an apartment of 45 m².
If there is a meter, then it is very simple to calculate how much you need to pay for each apartment, and you can also understand that the bills are overstated. Therefore, each apartment owner can demand a recalculation if he has suspicions of erroneous calculations and charges in excess of the norm.
If such cases are found, you need to submit an application to the head of the managing organization, which all high-rise buildings have, and if not, then you need to contact the local housing and communal services department.
Calculation without counter
When there is no general house electric meter, then the electricity fee for general house needs is calculated at an increased coefficient, which is established by the regional government.
Any citizen can get acquainted with the normative indicators, as management companies publish them on their websites. Tenants must pay the costs of the needs of the house in a timely manner, which is prescribed in housing legislation. In addition, you will have to pay a penalty for late payment.
What happens if the limits are exceeded?
If the amount of electricity for general house needs exceeds the norm, then the difference is paid by the managing organization, the HOA or another organization entrusted with the management of the high-rise building by the homeowners.
Previously, all expenses, including those above the norm, were paid by the apartment owners.
If the managing organization is appointed by the resource supplying organization, then the owners of residential premises pay for electricity in excess of the norms.
How to reduce monthly payment?
Often the amount of payment for ODN is overstated, and if, according to the established norms, their size should not be more than a few percent of the total expense, then in some apartment buildings it reaches 30%, which is a lot.
To reduce these costs, high-rise building residents are advised to follow a few rules.
Since the beginning of the year, the volume of ODN electricity in the Russian Federation has increased by 7.3%, which hits the pockets of many citizens. Therefore, it is advisable to raise money and install a common house electric meter, which will pay off very quickly and will allow you to fairly distribute the cost of electricity.
Untimely provision of meter readings is the basis for calculating electricity for ODN according to the standards. When residents submit data later than the deadline (after the 26th), they calculate energy consumption according to regional consumption standards.
It is necessary to take readings from the electric meter with a responsible person who was chosen by the residents of the house. Ideally, this is best done by the management company if it is engaged in house maintenance. Many citizens do not want to cooperate with these organizations, which is why the state, almost every year, expands the rights of residents of high-rise buildings and limits management organizations in claims.
For example, when the volume of electricity consumption for general house needs is higher than the standards, then the managing organization must pay for the overrun, because it could not cope with its duties, and it failed to organize the efficient operation of the energy systems of a multi-storey building.
Organization Responsibilities
If there are prerequisites for unauthorized connections by entrepreneurs who rent premises in the house, then the managing organization must be forced to check this. To do this, you need to submit an application to the Criminal Code. Management organizations themselves are interested in this, since they need to identify thieves, and not spend their money on electricity.
You can also save the cost of ODN around the world by replacing the old electrical wiring with a new one, because it will be possible to significantly reduce energy losses and save money.
In order to reduce the cost of electricity for general house needs, it is necessary to comprehensively eliminate all weaknesses that lead to losses and waste of electricity.
What will be the calculations in 2018?
In 2018, they plan to introduce an innovation in paying for the needs of the house. Now they will include common house needs in the total bill, and they also plan to increase this indicator.
“From 2018, the costs of the ODN for the world will be included in the total cost of services,” say officials from the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation.
New rules for calculating the cost of maintaining residential premises, approved by government decree No. 1498.
This innovation will make the calculation of utilities the most transparent and understandable. There will be no changes in the calculation of the amount itself, since it will also be carried out with the help of electricity meters and the norms established by the regions.
Taking into account the current economic situation in the country, the government plans to increase tariffs for housing and communal services by 2.5-7.5% in 2018.